alternativeАльтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)1608-8298Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс10.15518/isjaee.2018.10-12.034-042alternative-1350Research ArticleВОДОРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКАHYDROGEN ECONOMYОЦЕНКА СТОИМОСТИ ВОДОРОДА КАК НОСИТЕЛЯ ВЕТРОВОЙ И СОЛНЕЧНОЙ ЭНЕРГИИESTIMATES OF THE PRICE OF HYDROGEN AS A MEDIUM FOR WIND AND SOLAR SOURCESБокрисД. О’М.BockrisJ. O’M.

John O’M. Bockris

10515 S. W. 55th Place, Gainesville, FL 32608

jbockris@cox.netВезироглуТ. Н.VezirogluT. N.

Турхан Н. Везироглу – доктор наук (теплообмен), профессор, президент Международной ассоциации водородной энергетики, член 18 научных организаций

1251 Мемориал Драйв, 219 корпус МакАртура, п/я 2048290, Корал Гейблс, Флорида 33124

T. Nejat Veziroglu –  Ph.D. in Heat Transfer, Professor, President of International Association for Hydrogen Energy, a member of 18 scientific organizations

1251 Memorial Drive, 219 MacArthur Engineering Building, P.O. Box 2048290, Coral Gables, FL 33124

veziroglu@miami.eduХейл ПлантейшнСоединённые Штаты АмерикиHaile PlantationUnited StatesИсследовательский институт чистой энергии, Университет МайямиСоединённые Штаты АмерикиClean Energy Research Institute, University of MiamiUnited States201816062018010-123442Copyright © Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 20182018Международный издательский дом научной периодики "СпейсМеждународный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейсhttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/1350

Отказ от водорода как носителя ветровой и солнечной энергии в качестве решения проблемы глобального потепления был сделан уже тогда, когда бензин еще стоил 1 доллар за галлон. Стоимость водорода, полученного за счёт энергии ветра (путем электролиза воды и пара) и дающего энергию, эквивалентную энергии галлона бензина («эквивалент»), сейчас составляла бы менее 3 долларов США. А стоимость водорода, полученного за счёт солнечной энергии, снизилась бы с $8 до $5 за эквивалент, поскольку эффективность солнечной батареи сейчас увеличилась до 20 %2. В настоящее время цены на солнечную тепловую энергию в два раза ниже цен на фотоэлектрическую солнечную энергию (солнечные батареи). Используется прогноз максимального объема добычи нефти в мире [Прогноз добычи нефти Лахерра, 1950–2150 гг. Перепечатано с разрешения при переписке с Уильямом Хорватом, Министерство энергетики США, 29 марта 2001] на 2010 г. В перспективе источники энергии будут вырабатывать неисчерпаемую энергию из ветра, солнечного излучения, геотермальных вод, приливов и волн. Распространёнными носителями энергии будут водород и электричество, стоимость которых примерно в два раза ниже атомной энергии. Выращивание зерновых культур для производства алкоголя предполагает энергозатратные процессы и, в том числе, тепловые процессы ректификации. Это3 может увеличить парниковый эффект.

The rejection of hydrogen as a solution to global warming by becoming the medium of wind and solar was made when gasoline was priced at $1/gallon. From wind, H2 would now cost (by electrolysis of water and steam) less than $3 for an amount equivalent in energy to that in a gallon of gasoline (“equivalent”). From solar photovoltaics (pv), H2 would be sinking in price between $8 toward $5 equivalent as the efficiency of solar pv increases toward 20%. Solar thermal’s present prices offer about one-half the solar pv prices. Prediction of the maximum of the delivery rate of world oil is [Laherre’s Oil Production Forecast, 1950–2150. Reprinted with permission from correspondence with William Horvath, U.S. Department of Energy, March 29, 2001] 2010. Future energy sources will develop inexhaustible energies from wind, solar, geothermal, tidal, and wave sources. The common media will be hydrogen and electricity. These sources yield energy at around one-half the cost of nuclear fission. Growing corn to make alcohol involves a net loss of energy and need for a heating mechanism. It may increase the Greenhouse.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.