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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">alternative</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-8298</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15518/isjaee.2018.10-12.070-081</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">alternative-1352</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТРАНСПОРТНЫЕ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА, ЛИТИЙ-ИОННЫЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ ТОКА И СУПЕРКОНДЕНСАТОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL VEHICLES, LITHIUM-ION CURRENT SOURCES AND SUPERCAPACITOR</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЛИТИЙ: РЕСУРСЫ, ДОБЫЧА И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ МИРОВОГО РЫНКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>LITHIUM: RESOURCES, PRODUCTION AND PROSPECTS OF WORLD MARKET DEVELOPMENT</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>П. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>Р. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Геннадьевич Кудрявцев – кандидат химических наук, профессор, старший научный сотрудник, академик МАНЭБ, академик РАЕН, ведущий научный сотрудник Polymate – Israel Nanotechnology Research Center (Израиль); член редакционных коллегий журналов: Scientific Israel – Technological Advantages (Израиль), Innovations in Corrosion and Materials Science (США)</p><p>п/я 73, Мигдать Эмек, 2310001</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel Kudryavtsev – Ph.D. in Chemistry, Professor, Senior Researcher, Academician of IAELPS, Academician of RANS, Leading Researcher of Polymate – Israel Nanotechnology Research Center (Israel); a member of the Editorial Boards of journals: Scientific Israel – Technological Advantages (Israel), Innovations in Corrosion and Materials Science (USA)</p><p>POBox 73, Migdal HaEmek 2310001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pgkudr89@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Павлович Кудрявцев – инженерисследователь Polymate LTD, Хайфа</p><p>п/я 73, Мигдать Эмек, 2310001</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai Kudryavtsev – Research Engineer in Polymate LTD</p><p>POBox 73, Migdal HaEmek 2310001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pgkudr89@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Polymate Ltd – Израильский исследовательский центр</institution><country>Израиль</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Polymate Ltd – Israel Nanotechnology Research Center</institution><country>Israel</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10-12</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/1352">https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/1352</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время литий характеризуется одними из самых быстрых темпов роста цены, потребления и объемов добычи. Проведена оценка темпов потребления, роста объемов добычи и разведанных объемов литиевых минеральных ресурсов. Дан прогноз развития мирового литиевого рынка, роста добычи лития и динамики цен. Так, увеличение мировых объемов добычи лития к 2020 г. должно превысить 12 000 тонн в год. Показано, что рост потребления лития стимулировал рост геологической разведки его минеральных ресурсов и привёл к резкому росту разведанных запасов лития. Предпринята попытка оценить другие минеральные ресурсы, в том числе с низким содержанием лития. Анализ продемонстрировал, что в соответствии с существующими технологиями и скоростью роста производства лития литиевые руды закончатся примерно через 25 лет, а литиевые запасы разведанных ресурсов, связанные с соляными озерами, истощатся примерно через 50 лет. В статье предложено несколько путей решения этой проблемы. Первый – увеличение степени извлечения лития из существующих сырьевых источников, то есть применение более эффективных методов. Второй – использование бедных по литию ресурсов, таких как подземные рассолы и попутные нефтяные воды, которые могут стать самым перспективным источником лития (были показаны возможные направления и перспективы добычи). Третий – использование вторичных литиевых ресурсов и переработка отработанных литиевых батарей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper deals with lithium which is currently characterized by one of the fastest growth rates in terms of price, consumption and production volumes. We have estimated the rates of consumption, the growth in production volumes and the growth of the explored volumes of lithium mineral resources and have given forecast of development of the world lithium market, growth of lithium production and price dynamics. Thus, the increase in world production of lithium by 2020 should exceed 12,000 tons per year. The increase in the consumption of lithium is shown to stimulate the growth of geological exploration of its mineral resources and to lead to a sharp increase in the explored lithium reserves. Moreover, we have attempted to evaluate other lithium mineral resources including those with a low content of lithium. The analysis demonstrate that, in accordance with existing technologies and speed of the lithium production growth, lithium ore will run out in about 25 years, and lithium reserves of proven resources associated with salt lakes will be depleted in about 50 years. The paper suggests several ways of solving this problem. The first one is an increase in the extraction of lithium from existing sources of raw materials, that is, the use of more effective methods. The second one is the use of lean lithium resources, such as underground brines and associated oil waters which can become the most promising source of lithium (the possible directions and prospects of extraction have been shown). The third way is the use of secondary lithium resources and the processing of spent lithium batteries. Keywords: lithium; lithium market; world reserves of lithium; lithium mining; underground brines; associated oil waters.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>литий</kwd><kwd>рынок лития</kwd><kwd>мировые запасы лития</kwd><kwd>добыча лития</kwd><kwd>подземные рассолы</kwd><kwd>попутные нефтяные воды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lithium</kwd><kwd>lithium market</kwd><kwd>world reserves of lithium</kwd><kwd>lithium mining</kwd><kwd>underground brines</kwd><kwd>associated oil waters</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kudryavtsev, P.G. Lithium In Nature, Application, Methods of Extraction (Review) [Text] / P.G. Kudryavtsev // Scientific Israel-Technological Advantages. – 2016. – Vol. 18. – No 3. – P. 63–83. ISSN: 1565-1532</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kudryavtsev P.G. 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See the table on page 4 for the comparison of voltage and charge densities for common battery chemistries [E-resource]. – Available on: http://www.chalmers.se/chem/EN/divisions/indstrialrecycling/finishedprojects/recyclingopportunities/downloadFile/attachedFile_f0/Recycling_opportunities_for_Li-ion.pdf?nocache=1294145371.31 – (16.12.2017).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ekermo V., Recycling opportunities for Li-ion batteries from hybrid electric vehicles: Master of Science Thesis in Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Industrial Materials Recycling Göteborg, Sweden, 2009. See the table on page 4 for the comparison of voltage and charge densities for common battery chemistries [E-resource]. Available on: http://www.chalmers.se/chem/EN/divisions/indstrialrecycling/finished-projects/recyclingopportunities/downloadFile/attachedFile_f0/Recycling_opportunities_for_Li-ion.pdf?nocache=1294145371.31 (16.12.17.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
