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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">alternative</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-8298</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15518/isjaee.2018.13-15.122-140</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">alternative-1393</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОДОРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HYDROGEN ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ АЛЮМИНИДОВ МЕТАЛЛОВ IV и V ГРУПП В ГИДРИДНОМ ЦИКЛЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION OF ALUMINIDES OF IV–V GROUPS METALS IN HYDRIDE CYCLE</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долуханян</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolukhanyan</surname><given-names>S. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Седа Кареновна Долуханян - доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующая лабораторией.</p><p>д. 5/2, ул. П. Севака, Ереван, 375044</p><p>Тел.: +7 (060) 62-35-90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Seda Dolukhanyan - D.Sc. in Engineering, Professor, Head of the Laboratory.</p><p>5/2 P. Sevak St., Yerevan, 375044</p><p>Tel.: +7 (060) 62 35 90</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seda@ichph.sci.am</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурадян</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muradyan</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарник Норикович Мурадян - младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>д. 5/2, ул. П. Севака, Ереван, 375044</p><p>Тел.: +7 (060) 62-35-90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Garnik Muradyan - Junior Researcher.</p><p>5/2 P. Sevak St., Yerevan, 375044</p><p>Tel.: +7 (060) 62 35 90</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексанян</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksanyan</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анаит Гургеновна Алексанян - научный сотрудник.</p><p>д. 5/2, ул. П. Севака, Ереван, 375044</p><p>Тел.: +7 (060) 62-35-90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anahit Aleksanyan - Researcher.</p><p>5/2 P. Sevak St., Yerevan, 375044</p><p>Tel.: +7 (060) 62 35 90</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тер-Галстян</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ter-Galstyan</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Офелия Паруйровна Тер-Галстян - научный сотрудник.</p><p>д. 5/2, ул. П. Севака, Ереван, 375044</p><p>Тел.: +7 (060) 62-35-90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ofelya Ter-Galstyan - Researcher.</p><p>5/2 P. Sevak St., Yerevan, 375044</p><p>Tel.: +7 (060) 62 35 90</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мнацаканян</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mnatsakanyan</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нуне Левоновна Мнацаканян - научный сотрудник.</p><p>д. 5/2, ул. П. Севака, Ереван, 375044</p><p>Тел.: +7 (060) 62-35-90</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nune Mnatsakanyan - Researcher.</p><p>5/2 P. Sevak St., Yerevan, 375044</p><p>Tel.: +7 (060) 62 35 90</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт химической физики Национальной Академии наук Армении им. А.Б. Налбандяна</institution><country>Армения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.B. Nalbandyan Institute of Chemical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia</institution><country>Armenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>13-15</issue><fpage>122</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/1393">https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/1393</self-uri><abstract><p>Традиционные методы получения алюминидов МеIV-Vявляются трудоемкими, многостадийными и занимают много времени. В Лаборатории высокотемпературного синтеза и технологии неорганических соединений ИХФ НАН РА разработан новый высокоэффективный метод получения сплавов и интерметаллидов тугоплавких металлов – метод гидридного цикла (ГЦ). В настоящем обзоре представлены результаты систематических исследований ГЦ формирования алюминидов в системах: TiH2–Al, ZrH2–Al, NbH1,23–Al, TiH2–Al–ZrH2, TiH2-Al-NbH1,23. Установлено влияние параметров процесса, химических особенностей гидридов, соотношений исходных компонентов и фазовых превращений на процесс формирования алюминидов. Предложен механизм формирования алюминидов металлов IV–V групп в ГЦ: при нагреве компактированных смесей хМеH2+(1-х)Al→МехAl1-х+Н2↑ происходит диссоциация водорода из гидридов, вследствие чего разрушаются связи Ме–Н; в атмосфере выделившегося водорода происходит очистка от окисной пленки; образуются активные металлы, мгновенно экзотермически взаимодействующие с алюминием по твердофазному механизму, минуя плавление алюминия. Синтезировано более 30 алюминидов: однофазные α2-Ti3Al, γ-TiAl и TiAl3; твердые растворы Al в Zr состава Zr3Al, однофазные ZrAl2; ZrAl3 и гидрид ZrAlH4,49; однофазные NbAl3; Nb2Al и Nb3Al, содержащие около 10 % Nb2Al; Ti0,35 Zr0,4Al0,25; Ti0,55Zr0,2Al0,25; Ti0,25Al0,5Nb0,25; Ti0,45Al0,28Nb0,27, Ti0,2Zr0,05Al0,75; Ti0,2Zr0,05Al0,75 и др. Некоторые алюминиды без предварительного дробления взаимодействуют с водородом в режиме самораспространяющегося высокотемпературного синтеза с образованием обратимых гидридов. Построено два концентрационных треугольника систем Ti –Al–Zr и Ti–Al–Nb. По сравнению с традиционными методами синтез алюминидов металлов IV и V групп в ГЦ имеет существенные преимущества: относительно низкие температуры (~1 000 ºC) и сокращение длительности процесса (30– 60 мин); формирование алюминидов происходит в одну технологическую стадию, минуя плавление исходных компонентов; процесс экологически чистый и энергосберегающий, экономически рентабельный и т.д. Синтез триалюминидов происходит при температуре 650–670 ºС.</p><p>Алюминиды МеIV-Vгрупп являются весьма перспективными конструкционными материалами и применяются в авиакосмическом и наземном двигателестроении, оборонной промышленности, ведущих отраслях машиностроения, химической и пищевой промышленности, электронике, медицине как биосовместимые материалы и др.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The traditional methods for production of МеIV-V aluminides are laborious, long-lasting and multi-stage. The Laboratory of High-Temperature  Synthesis and Technology of Inorganic Compounds has developed a new highly efficient  method for obtaining alloys and intermetallides of refractory metals, the “hydride cycle” (HC) method. This review presents the results of systematic studies of HC-formation of aluminides in the systems TiH2–Al, ZrH2–Al, NbH1,23–Al, TiH2–Al–ZrH2, TiH2-Al-NbH1,23. The review describes the influences on this process of such parameters,  as chemical characteristics of hydrides, the ratios of the initial components, phase transformations, etc., and  proposes a mechanism for the HC-formation of aluminides of IV-V groups metals: upon heating of compacted хМеH2+(1-х)Al→МехAl1-х+Н2↑, the hydrogen dissociates from the hydride; in the environment of the liberated hydrogen, the oxide film is removed; a very active metals are formed, which instantly interact with aluminum exothermically  by a solid-phase mechanism without aluminum melting. We have synthesized in HC more than 30 aluminides: single-phase α2-Ti3Al, γ-TiAl и TiAl3; solid solutions of Al in Zr: Zr3Al, single-phase ZrAl2, ZrAl3 and Zr3AlH4.49 hydride; single-phase NbAl3 , Nb2Al and Nb3Al, containing about 10% Nb2Al; Ti0,35 Zr0,4Al0,25; Ti0,55Zr0,2Al0,25; Ti0,25Al0,5Nb0,25; Ti0,45Al0,28Nb0,27, Ti0,2Zr0,05Al0,75; Ti0,2Zr0,05Al0,75, etc. Without preliminary crushing, some aluminides interact with hydrogen in the SHS mode forming reversible hydrides. Based on the obtained results, two concentration triangles for Ti-Al-Zr and Ti-Al-Nb systems were constructed. Compared with existing methods, the synthesis in HC of aluminides of IV and V group metals has significant advantages: relatively low temperatures (~ 1000°C) and short duration (30-60 min) of process; formation in one technological stage, without melting of the original components; environmentally friendly and energy-saving, economically viable, etc. Synthesis of trialuminides occurs at temperatures of 650-670ºC. Aluminides based on MeIV-V groups are very promising construction materials, they are used in aerospace and ground machine-building, defense industry, chemical and food industry,  electronics, as biocompatible materials in medicine, etc.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>самораспространяющийся высокотемпературный синтез</kwd><kwd>алюминид титана и ниобия</kwd><kwd>интерметаллиды</kwd><kwd>гидриды металлов</kwd><kwd>гидрирование–дегидрирование</kwd><kwd>сплавы тугоплавких металлов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>self-propagating high-temperature synthesis</kwd><kwd>titanium and niobium aluminides</kwd><kwd>intermetallides</kwd><kwd>metal hydrides</kwd><kwd>hydrogenation–dehydrogenation</kwd><kwd>high-melting metal alloys</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kazantseva, N.V. 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