alternativeАльтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)1608-8298Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс10.15518/isjaee.2019.01-03.049-055alternative-1573Research ArticleВОДОРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКАHYDROGEN ECONOMYПОЛУЧЕНИЕ ВОДОРОДА ИЗ СЕРОВОДОРОДА В ЧЕРНОМ МОРЕHYDROGEN FROM HYDROGEN SULPHIDE IN BLACK SEAБайкараС. З.BaykaraS. Z.

Топкапы, Стамбул, 34210, Турция

тел.: 90 533 435-65-50; факс: +90 212 449-18-95

Topkapı, Istanbul 34210, Turkeytel.: 90 533 435 6550; fax: +90 212 449 1895

baykara@yildiz.edu.trФигенИ. Х.FigenE. H.

Топкапы, Стамбул, 34210, Турция

тел.: 90 533 435-65-50; факс: +90 212 449-18-95

Topkapı, Istanbul 34210, Turkeytel.: 90 533 435 6550; fax: +90 212 449 1895

КалеА.KaleA.ВезироглуТ. Н.VezirogluT. N.

д-р наук (теплообмен), профессор, президент Международной ассоциации водородной энергетики, член 18 научных организаций.

Ph.D. in Heat Transfer, Professor, President of International Association for Hydrogen Energy, a member of 18 scientific organizations.

Факультет химической инженерии, Технический университет ЙылдызТурцияChemical Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical UniversityTurkeyUNIDO-ICHET СтамбулТурцияUNIDO-ICHET IstanbulTurkeyUNIDO-ICHET Стамбул Институт чистой энергии, Университет Майами, Coral Gables, Флорида 33146, СШАСоединённые Штаты АмерикиUNIDO-ICHET Istanbul Clean Energy Research Institute, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USAUnited States201923022019001-034955Copyright © Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 20192019Международный издательский дом научной периодики "СпейсМеждународный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейсhttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/1573

Сульфид водорода – кислый газ – считается веществом, вредным для окружающей среды. В качестве промышленного побочного продукта его получают главным образом во время обработки топлива. В природе сульфид водорода встречается во многих газовых скважинах, а также в газовых гидратах и газонасыщенных отложениях, особенно на дне Черного моря, где 90 % морской воды насыщено анаэробными микроорганизмами.Аноксические условия существуют в самых глубоких частях данного бассейна на протяжении почти 7 300 лет – их появление вызвано расслоением водной толщи по плотности вследствие значительного притока средиземноморских вод через Босфор около 9 000 лет назад. Предполагается, что в данном регионе H2S генерируется серосодержащими бактериями со скоростью приблизительно 10 000 тонн в день, и это создает серьезную угрозу экологии, поскольку постоянно снижает количество живых организмов в Черном море. Поверхность раздела кислородно-водородных сульфидов расположена на глубине 150–200 м ниже поверхности, и в более глубоких слоях концентрация H2S начинает равномерно расти до отметки 1 000 м и, наконец, достигаетпочти постоянного значения 9,5 мг/л на глубине 1 500 м.Сульфид водорода потенциально обладает экономической ценностью, если и сера, и водород подлежат восстановлению. Исследовано несколько методов разложения H2S, включая термический, термохимический, электрохимический, фотохимический и плазмохимический методы.В настоящей работе изучается потенциал H2S в Черном море как источника водорода, проводится оценка разработки известных технологий получения водорода из H2S, инженерная оценка производства водорода из H2S в Черном море посредством технологического проектирования на базе подхода, основанного на каталитическом термолизе солнечной энергии. Возможность применения модульной установки рассматривается для целей крупномасштабного производства.

Hydrogen sulphide, an acid gas, is generally considered an environmental pollutant. As an industrial byproduct, it is produced mostly during fuel processing. Hydrogen sulphide occurs naturally in many gas wells and also in gas hydrates and gas-saturated sediments especially at the bottom of the Black Sea where 90% of the sea water is anaerobic.The anoxic conditions exist in the deepest parts of the basin since nearly 7300 years, caused by the density stratification following the significant influx of the Mediterranean water through the Bosphorous nearly 9000 years ago. Here, H2S is believed to be produced by sulphur reducing bacteria at an approximate rate of 10 000 tons per day, and it poses a serious threat since it keeps reducing the life in the Black Sea. An oxygen–hydrogen sulphide interface is established at 150–200 m below the surface after which H2S concentration starts increasing regularly until 1000 m, and finally reaches a nearly constant value of 9.5 mg/l around 1500 m depth.Hydrogen sulphide potentially has economic value if both sulphur and hydrogen can be recovered. Several methods are studied for H2S decomposition, including thermal, thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical and plasmochemical methods.In the present work, H2S potential in the Black Sea is investigated as a source of hydrogen, an evaluation of the developing prominent techniques for hydrogen production from H2S is made, and an engineering assessment is carried out regarding hydrogen production from H2S in the Black Sea using a process design based on the catalytic solar thermolysis approach. Possibility of a modular plant is considered for production at larger scale.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.