alternativeАльтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)1608-8298Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс10.15518/isjaee.2019.13-15.62-87alternative-1702Research ArticleIV. ВОДОРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА 12. Водородная экономикаIV. HYDROGEN ECONOMY. 12. Hydrogen EconomyOсобенности изучения систем атомарный водород – металлFeatures of Studying Atomic Hydrogen – Metal SystemsЩурД. В.SchurD. V.

Дмитрий Викторович Щур - кандидат химических наук, заведующий отделом № 67 «Водородного материаловедения и углеродных наноструктур»

д. 3, ул. Кржижановского, Киев, 03142

Dmitry Schur  - Ph.D. in Chemistry, Professor, Chief of Laboratory no. 67 ―Investigation of Processes and Systems of Hydrogen and Solar-Hydrogen Energy Transformation

3 Krzhyzhanovsky Str., Kiev, 03142

shurzag@materials.kiev.uaЗагинайченкоС. Ю.ZaginaichenkoS. Yu.

Светлана Юрьевна Загинайченко - доктор физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела № 67

д. 3, ул. Кржижановского, Киев, 03142

Svetlana Zaginaichenko - D.Sc. in Physics and Mathematics, Professor, Senior Researcher at Laboratory no. 67 ―Investigation of Processes and Systems of Hydrogen and Solar-Hydrogen Energy Transformation

3 Krzhyzhanovsky Str., Kiev, 03142

ВезироглуА.VezirogluA.

Айфер Везироглу - доктор наук, исполнительный вице-президент и финансовый директор Международной ассоциации по водородной энергетике (IAHE), член ряда научных организаций

5794 SW 40 # 303, Майами, Флорида, 33155

Ayfer Veziru  - Ph.D., Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of International Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE), member of several scientific organizations

5794 SW 40 # 303, Miami, Florida, 33155

ВезироглуТ. Н.VezirogluT. N.

Турхан Н. Везироглу - доктор наук (теплообмен), профессор, президент Международной ассоциации водородной энергетики, член 18 научных организаций  

5794 SW 40 # 303, Майами, Флорида, 33155

T.N. Veziroglu – Ph.D. in Heat Transfer, Professor, President of International Association for Hydrogen Energy, a member of 18 scientific organizations

5794 SW 40 # 303, Miami, Florida, 33155

ЗолотаренкоА. Д.ZolotarenkoA. D.

Александр Дмитриевич Золотаренко - кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник

д. 3, ул. Кржижановского, Киев, 03142

Alexander Zolotarenko - Ph.D. in Chemistry, Senior Researcher

3 Krzhyzhanovsky Str., Kiev, 03142

ГабдуллинМ. Т.GabdullinM. T.

д. 71, пр. аль-Фараби, Алматы, 050040, 

Maratbek Gabdullin - Ph.D. in Physics and Mathematics, Director of the National Nanotechnology Laboratory of the open type with the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University   

71 Ali Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040

РамазановТ. С.RamazanovT. S.

Тлек Сабитович Рамазанов - академик НАН РК, доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, проректор по научно-инновационной деятельности КазНУ имени аль- Фараби

д. 71, пр. аль-Фараби, Алматы, 050040

Tlek Ramazanov - D.Sc. in Phys-ics and Mathematics, Academician of National Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan, Vice-Rector for Research, Head of Plasma Physics Department, Al Farabi Kazakh National University  

71 Ali Al-Farabi Av., Almaty 050040

ЗолотаренкоАл. Д.ZolotarenkoAl. D.

д. 3, ул. Кржижановского, Киев, 03142

Aleksey Zolotarenko - Ph.D. in Chemistry, Senior Researcher at Laboratory No 67 ―Investigation of Processes and Systems of Hydro-gen and Solar-Hydrogen Energy Transformation

3 Krzhyzhanovsky Str., Kiev, 03142

ЗолотаренкоАн. Д.ZolotarenkoAn. D.

Анатолий Дмитриевич Золотаренко

д. 3, ул. Кржижановского, Киев, 03142

Anatoliy Zolotarenko - Ph.D. in Chemistry, Senior Re-searcher

3 Krzhyzhanovsky Str., Kiev, 03142

Институт проблем материаловедения НАН УкраиныУкраинаFrantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NASUUkraineМеждународная ассоциация по водородной энергетикеСоединённые Штаты АмерикиInternational Association for Hydrogen EnergyUnited StatesКазахско-Британский технический университет (КБТУ); Национальная нанотехнологическая лаборатория (ННЛОТ, КазНУ им. аль-Фараби)КазахстанKazakh-British Technical University (KBTU); Al-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanНациональная нанотехнологическая лаборатория (ННЛОТ, КазНУ им. аль-Фараби)КазахстанAl-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstan201926062019013-156287Copyright © Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 20192019Международный издательский дом научной периодики "СпейсМеждународный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейсhttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/1702

Все основные направления развития энергетики предполагают или уже реализуют применение систем «металл – водород». Для атомной энергетики это связано с созданием термостабильных замедлителей и конструкционных материалов специального назначения, для термоядерной энергетики – с поведением так называемой первой стенки термоядерных реакторов, для водородной энергетики – с хранением, транспортировкой и извлечением водорода. Водород является наиболее эффективным замедлителем быстрых и тепловых нейтронов, особенно при высокой объемной концентрации в материале атомов водорода, то есть при высоком значении отношения количества атомов водорода к числу атомов металла с учетом термостойкости гидрида. В работе рассмотрены современные методы экспериментальных исследований гетерогенных реакций, то-похимия реакций «металл – водород», зависимость скорости взаимодействия от давления и температуры, об-суждены модели поверхностных процессов, протекающих при взаимодействии водорода с металлом. Анализировались методы определения вероятности адсорбции водорода на поверхности металла, методы измерения энергии активации диссоциации молекулы водорода на поверхности. В работе описаны особенности подготовки реактора, экспериментальных образцов и методика их исследования при изучении систем «атомарный водород – металл», метод плазмохимической термогравиметрии, который применяется для исследования гетерогенных реакций, протекающих в водородной плазме безэлектродного тлеющего разряда. Для изучения механизма взаимодействия водорода с гидридообразующими металлами предлагается кинетический метод исследования. Суть кинетического метода заключается в том, что исключение лимитирующего влияния поверхностных и диффузионных процессов на скорость гидридообразования при использовании атомарного водорода и металлической фольги позволяет непосредственно по кинетическим кривым взаимодействия «металл – водород» фиксировать момент образования соответствующих фаз и оценивать содержание в них водорода с помощью термогравиметрии, а также изучать влияние различных параметров на скорость взаимодействия и образования гидридных фаз.

All the main areas of energy development suggest or are already implementing the use of metal-hydrogen systems. For nuclear energy, this is associated with the creation of thermostable moderators and special-purpose construction materials, for thermonuclear energy, with the behavior of the so-called first wall of fusion reactors, for hydrogen energy — storage, transportation and extraction of hydrogen. Hydrogen is the most effective moderator of fast and thermal neutrons, especially at high volumetric concentrations of hydrogen atoms in the material, i.e. at a high value of the ratio of the number of hydrogen atoms to the number of metal atoms, taking into account the heat resistance of the hydride. This paper discusses the modern methods of experimental studies of heterogeneous reactions, the topochemistry of metal – hydrogen reactions, the dependence of the interaction rate on pressure and temperature, models of surface processes occurring during the interaction of hydrogen with metal.  Methods for determining the probability of adsorption of hydrogen on a metal surface, methods for measuring the activation energy of dissociation of a hydrogen molecule on a surface are also discussed. The paper describes the fea-tures of the preparation of the reactor, experimental samples and the method of their study in the study of atomic hydrogen-metal systems, the method of plasma-chemical thermogravimetry used to study heterogeneous reactions occurring in a hydrogen plasma electrodeless discharge. In order to study the mechanism of interaction of hydrogen with hydride-forming metals, a kinetic method of research is proposed. The essence of the kinetic method is that the elimination of the limiting influence of surface and diffusion processes on the rate of hydride formation using atomic hydrogen and metal foil makes it possible to directly record the formation of the corresponding phases using hydro-gen-metal kinetic curves, and also study the effect of various parameters on the rate of interaction and the formation of hydride phases.  

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.