References

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Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)

Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)

1608-8298

Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс

10.15518/isjaee.2021.09.106-123

alternative-2109

Research Article

ВОДОРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА

HYDROGEN ECONOMY

Анализ пригодности золошлаковых отходов ТЭС в качестве материалов для хранения водородного топлива

Analysis of suitability of TPP ash-slag waste as materials for hydrogen fuel storage

Яценко

Е. А.

Yatsenko

E. A.

Яценко Елена Альфредовна, доктор технических наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой «Общая химия и технология силикатов»

+7 (863)5255135

346428, Ростовская обл., г. Новочеркасск, ул. Просвещения, 132

Yatsenko Elena Alfredovna, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of “General Chem-istry and Technology of Silicates” Depart-ment

+7 (863)5255135

346428, Rostov region, Novocherkassk, Prosveshcheniya st.

e_yatsenko@mail.ru

Гольцман

Б. М.

Goltsman

B. M.

Гольцман Борис Михайлович, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры «Общая химия и технология силикатов»

346428, Ростовская обл., г. Новочеркасск, ул. Просвещения, 132

Goltsman Boris Mikhailovich, Candidate of Tech-nical Sciences, Professor, Associate professor of “General Chemistry and Technology of Silicates” Department

346428, Rostov region, Novocherkassk, Prosveshcheniya st.

Паршуков

В. И.

Parshukov

V. I.

Паршуков Владимир Иванович, директор

+7 (863) 242-48-65

344011, г. Ростов-на-Дону, пр-т Буденновский, 83

Parshukov Vladimir Ivanovich, Director

+7 (863) 242-48-65

344011, Rostov-on-Don, Budennovskiy prosp., 83

v_parshukov@mail.ru

Южно-Российский государственный политехнический университет (НПИ) имени М.И. ПлатоваРоссияPlatov South-Russian Polytechnic University (NPI)Russian Federation

Российское энергетическое агентство, Ростовский филиалРоссияRussian Energy Agency, Rostov branchRussian Federation

2021

02042022

025-27106123

2022

Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс

https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice

https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2109

Установлены современные тенденции в энергетике, основной из которых является применение альтернативных источников энергии, особенно водорода. Описаны наиболее распространенные способы аккумуляции водорода: аккумуляция сжатого газообразного водорода в резервуарах высокого давления; аккумуляция жидкого водорода в криогенных резервуарах; хранение водорода в химически связанном состоянии; аккумуляция газообразного водорода в носителях с высокой удельной поверхностью. По совокупности преимуществ и недостатков выбраны наиболее перспективные методы аккумуляции: хранение жидкого водорода и хранение водорода в носителях с высокой удельной поверхностью. Выявлено основное требование к материалам для хранения водорода данными методами – высокая удельная поверхность. Обоснована перспективность развития безотходных низкоэмиссионных технологий за счет рециклинга вторичного сырья и разработки способов низкотемпературных технологий синтеза функциональных и конструкционных материалов. Показана применимость крупнотоннажных золошлаковых отходов угольных электростанций в качестве сырья для получения материалов по низкотемпературным технологиям. Описаны традиционные пути использования золошлаковых отходов в качестве сырья, активной добавки и наполнителя при производстве цементов. Представлены современные технологии производства инновационных материалов, обладающих уникальным комплексом свойств, а именно углеродные нанотрубки, кремнеземный аэрогель и геополимерные материалы. Обоснована перспективность использования геополимерных матриц в качестве прекурсора для синтеза ряда материалов, выбран наиболее многообещающий вид материалов – геополимерные пены, применяемые, в основном, в качестве сорбентов для очистки жидкостей и газов или аккумуляции целевых продуктов, а также в качестве теплоизоляционных материалов. Показана возможность получения на основе геополимерных матриц изделий любой формы и размеров без высокотемпературной обработки. Обоснована особая эффективность разработки технологии пористых гранул и порошков, получаемых из геополимерного прекурсора с помощью различных методов. Полученные гранулы могут быть применены в следующих технологиях хранения водорода: непосредственное аккумулирование водорода в пористых гранулах; создание изолирующих слоев агрегатов для хранения жидкого водорода.

The current trends in energy were described, the main of which is the use of alternative energy sources, especially hydrogen. The most common methods of hydrogen accumulation were proposed: accumulation of compressed gaseous hydrogen in high-pressure tanks; accumulation of liquid hydrogen in cryogenic tanks; storing hydrogen in a chemically bound state; accumulation of gaseous hydrogen in carriers with a high specific surface area. Based on the combination of advantages and disadvantages, the most promising methods of accumulation were selected: storage of liquid hydrogen and storage of hydrogen in carriers with a high specific surface area. The main requirement for materials for hydrogen storage by these methods was revealed – a high specific surface area. Prospects for the development of waste-free low-emission technologies due to the recycling of secondary raw materials and the development of low-temperature technologies for the synthesis of functional and structural materials were substantiated. The applicability of large-scale ash and slag waste from coal-fired thermal power plants as a raw material for obtaining materials by low-temperature technologies was shown. The traditional ways of using ash and slag waste as a raw material, active additive and filler in the production of cements were described. Modern technologies for the production of innovative materials with a unique set of properties were presented, namely carbon nanotubes, silica aerogel and geopolymer materials. The prospect of using geopolymer matrices as a precursor for the synthesis of a number of materials was described; the most promising type of materials was selected – geopolymer foams, which are mainly used as sorbents for purifying liquids and gases or accumulating target products, as well as heat-insulating materials. The possibility of obtaining products of any shape and size on the basis of geopolymer matrices without high-temperature processing was shown. The special efficiency of the development of the technology of porous granules and powders obtained from a geopolymer precursor using various methods was substantiated. The obtained granules can be used in the following hydrogen storage technologies: direct accumulation of hydrogen in porous granules; creation of insulating layers for liquid hydrogen storage units.

аккумуляция водородасорбентгеополимерзолошлаковый отходтеплоизоляцияпористая структура

Работа выполнена в ЮРГПУ (НПИ) при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках соглашения № 21-19-00203 «Эффективные температуро-отверждаемые экогеополимеры для дорожного строительства в условиях Арктической зоны Российской Федерации на основе отходов сжигания твердых топлив на местных ТЭЦ» (руководитель – Яценко Е.А.).

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.