<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">alternative</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-8298</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15518/isjaee.2023.03.030-048</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">alternative-2219</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>I. ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА. 8. Энергокомплексы на основе ВИЭ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>I. RENEWABLE ENERGY. 8. Energy of biomass</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Повышение срока службы электролизера AC-DC преобразователя, работающего в условиях офшорной ветроэнергетической установки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extending the lifetime of AC-DC converters for electrolyzer operating as part of offshore wind turbines</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ачитаев</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Achitaev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ачитаев Андрей Александрович - Саяно-Шушенскийфилиал</p><p>Саяногорск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A.  Achitaev - Sayano-Shushensky branch of SFU Siberian FederalUniversity</p><p>Sayanogorsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворов</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суворов Алексей Александрович - Отделение электроэнергетики и электротехники Инженерной школы энергетики</p><p>634050, Томск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Suvorov -  School of Energy and Power Engineering</p><p>634050 Tomsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Илюшин</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyushin</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илюшин Павел Владимирович</p><p>117186, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Ilyushin -  Energy Research Institute</p><p>117186, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волкова Ирина Олеговна -  Институт экономики и регулирования инфраструктурных отраслей</p><p>101000, Москва, ул. Мясницкая, 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina O. Volkova -  Institute of Economics and Regulation of InfrastructureIndustries</p><p>101000, Moscow, Myasnitskaya st., 20</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кан</surname><given-names>Кан</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kan </surname><given-names>Kan </given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Prof. Dr. Kan Kan -  Колледж энергетики и электротехники</p><p>211100, Нанкин</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prof. Dr. Kan Kan -  College of Energy and Electrical Engineering</p><p>Nanjing, 211100</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суслов</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suslov</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суслов Константин Витальевич -  Кафедра гидроэнергетики и возобновляемых источников энергии</p><p>111250, Москва;</p><p>Кафедра электроснабжения и электротехники </p><p>664047, Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Suslov Konstantin -  Department of Hydropower and Renewable Energy</p><p>111250, Moscow;</p><p>Department of Power Supply and Electrical Engineering</p><p>664047, Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический  университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт энергетических исследований Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Хохай</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Hohai University</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Московский энергетический институт»;&#13;
Иркутский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute&#13;
&#13;
Irkutsk National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2219">https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2219</self-uri><abstract><p>Энергоресурс на основе зеленного водорода в настоящее время начинает получать значительное распространение и интерес. Существуют различные виды производства водорода, однако, зеленый водород становится привлекательным энергетическим направлением развития, который может заменить синий и серый водород, а также ископаемое топливо, тем самым снижая углеродный след для ряда промышленных процессов. Применяемые для производства экологически чистого водорода протонообменные электролизные установки имеют главный недостаток, который состоит в малом сроке службы оборудования. В статье представлено сравнительное исследование применяемого ФАПЧ управления AC-DC преобразователя. Для совершенствования управления протонообменной мембраны электролизной установки принят подход векторного управления, который позволяет, используя контуры подчиненного управления, сформировать возможность поддержания различного уровня напряжения вставки постоянного тока и, тем самым, расширить диапазон изменения входного напряжения звена постоянного тока.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Energy resources based on green hydrogen are nowadays beginning to enjoy wide adoption and draw considerable interest. There are different types of hydrogen production, but it is green hydrogen that is becoming an attractive energy development capable of replacing blue and grey hydrogen as well as fossil fuels, Thereby the carbon footprint will be reduced for a number of industrial processes. Proton exchange membrane electrolyzers used for the production of environmentally friendly hydrogen have one key shortcoming, which is the short service life of the equipment. This paper presents a comparative study of the commonly applied PLL control of AC-DC converters. To improve the control of the proton exchange membrane of the electrolyzer, a vector control arrangement is adopted, which allows, by relying on cascade control loops, maintaining different DC link voltage levels and thereby extending the DC link input voltage variation range.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электролизная установка</kwd><kwd>ветроэнергетическая установка</kwd><kwd>протонообменная мембрана</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electrolyzer</kwd><kwd>wind turbine</kwd><kwd>proton-exchange membrane</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование поддержано Грантом Президента Российской Федерации на проект МК-3371.2022.4.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. Z. Li, K. Li, P. Du, M. Mehmandoust, F. Karimi, N. Erk, Carbon-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production: A review, Chemosphere. 308 (2022) 135998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. Z. Li, K. Li, P. Du, M. Mehmandoust, F. Karimi, N. Erk, Carbon-based photocatalysts for hydrogen production: A review, Chemosphere. 308 (2022) 135998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135998.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. J. Koponen, A. Poluektov, V. Ruuskanen, A. Kosonen, M. Niemelä, J. Ahola, Comparison of thyristor and insulated-gate bipolar transistor -based power supply topologies in industrial water electrolysis applications, Journal of Power Sources. 491 (2021) 229443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229443.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. J. Koponen, A. Poluektov, V. Ruuskanen, A. Kosonen, M. Niemelä, J. Ahola, Comparison of thyristor and insulated-gate bipolar transistor -based power supply topologies in industrial water electrolysis applications, Journal of Power Sources. 491 (2021) 229443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229443.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. S. Öberg, M. Odenberger, F. Johnsson, The value of flexible fuel mixing in hydrogen-fueled gas turbines – A techno-economic study, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 47 (2022) 31684–31702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.075.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. S. Öberg, M. Odenberger, F. Johnsson, The value of flexible fuel mixing in hydrogen-fueled gas turbines – A techno-economic study, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 47 (2022) 31684–31702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.075.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. H.C. Mantripragada, H. Zhai, E.S. Rubin, Boundary Dam or Petra Nova – Which is a better model for CCS energy supply?, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. 82 (2019) 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.01.004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. H.C. Mantripragada, H. Zhai, E.S. Rubin, Boundary Dam or Petra Nova – Which is a better model for CCS energy supply?, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control. 82 (2019) 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2019.01.004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. M. Temiz, I. Dincer, Development of solar and wind based hydrogen energy systems for sustainable communities, Energy Conversion and Management. 269 (2022) 116090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116090.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. M. Temiz, I. Dincer, Development of solar and wind based hydrogen energy systems for sustainable communities, Energy Conversion and Management. 269 (2022) 116090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116090.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. S. Shiva Kumar, H. Lim, An overview of water electrolysis technologies for green hydrogen production, Energy Reports. 8 (2022) 13793–13813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.10.127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. S. Shiva Kumar, H. Lim, An overview of water electrolysis technologies for green hydrogen production, Energy Reports. 8 (2022) 13793–13813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.10.127.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. J. Li, J. Chen, Z. Yuan, L. Xu, Y. Zhang, M. AlBahrani, Multi-objective risk-constrained optimal performance of hydrogen-based multi energy systems for future sustainable societies, Sustainable Cities and Society. 87 (2022) 104176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104176.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. J. Li, J. Chen, Z. Yuan, L. Xu, Y. Zhang, M. AlBahrani, Multi-objective risk-constrained optimal performance of hydrogen-based multi energy systems for future sustainable societies, Sustainable Cities and Society. 87 (2022) 104176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104176.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. Y. Zhao, Q. Liu, Y. Duan, Y. Zhang, Y. Huang, L. Shi, J. Wang, Q. Yi, A multi-dimensional feasibility analysis of coal to methanol assisted by green hydrogen from a life cycle viewpoint, Energy Conversion and Management. 268 (2022) 115992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115992.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. Y. Zhao, Q. Liu, Y. Duan, Y. Zhang, Y. Huang, L. Shi, J. Wang, Q. Yi, A multi-dimensional feasibility analysis of coal to methanol assisted by green hydrogen from a life cycle viewpoint, Energy Conversion and Management. 268 (2022) 115992. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115992.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. M.M. Hasan, G. Genç, Techno-economic analysis of solar/wind power based hydrogen production, Fuel. 324 (2022) 124564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124564.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. M.M. Hasan, G. Genç, Techno-economic analysis of solar/wind power based hydrogen production, Fuel. 324 (2022) 124564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124564.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. G. Durakovic, P.C. del Granado, A. Tomasgard, Powering Europe with North Sea offshore wind: The impact of hydrogen investments on grid infrastructure and power prices, Energy. 263 (2023) 125654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.125654.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. G. Durakovic, P.C. del Granado, A. Tomasgard, Powering Europe with North Sea offshore wind: The impact of hydrogen investments on grid infrastructure and power prices, Energy. 263 (2023) 125654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.125654.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. F. Posso, M. Galeano, C. Baranda, D. Franco, A. Rincón, J. Zambrano, C. Cavaliero, D. Lópes, Towards the Hydrogen Economy in Paraguay: Green hydrogen production potential and end-uses, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 47 (2022) 30027–30049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.217.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. F. Posso, M. Galeano, C. Baranda, D. Franco, A. Rincón, J. Zambrano, C. Cavaliero, D. Lópes, Towards the Hydrogen Economy in Paraguay: Green hydrogen production potential and end-uses, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 47 (2022) 30027–30049. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.05.217.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. M. Ozturk, I. Dincer, System development and assessment for green hydrogen generation and blending with natural gas, Energy. 261 (2022) 125233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.125233.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. M. Ozturk, I. Dincer, System development and assessment for green hydrogen generation and blending with natural gas, Energy. 261 (2022) 125233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.125233.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. O.A. Dabar, M.O. Awaleh, M.M. Waberi, A.- B.I. Adan, Wind resource assessment and technoeconomic analysis of wind energy and green hydrogen production in the Republic of Djibouti, Energy Reports. 8 (2022) 8996–9016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.07.013.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. O.A. Dabar, M.O. Awaleh, M.M. Waberi, A.- B.I. Adan, Wind resource assessment and technoeconomic analysis of wind energy and green hydrogen production in the Republic of Djibouti, Energy Reports. 8 (2022) 8996–9016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.07.013.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. W. Chaichan, J. Waewsak, R. Nikhom, C. Kongruang, S. Chiwamongkhonkarn, Y. Gagnon, Optimization of stand-alone and grid-connected hybrid solar/wind/fuel cell power generation for green islands: Application to Koh Samui, southern Thailand, Energy Reports. 8 (2022) 480–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.07.024.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. W. Chaichan, J. Waewsak, R. Nikhom, C. Kongruang, S. Chiwamongkhonkarn, Y. Gagnon, Optimization of stand-alone and grid-connected hybrid solar/wind/fuel cell power generation for green islands: Application to Koh Samui, southern Thailand, Energy Reports. 8 (2022) 480–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.07.024.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. S. Kolb, J. Müller, N. Luna-Jaspe, J. Karl, Renewable hydrogen imports for the German energy transition – A comparative life cycle assessment, Journal of Cleaner Production. 373 (2022) 133289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133289.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. S. Kolb, J. Müller, N. Luna-Jaspe, J. Karl, Renewable hydrogen imports for the German energy transition – A comparative life cycle assessment, Journal of Cleaner Production. 373 (2022) 133289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133289.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. I. Dincer, N. Javani, G.K. Karayel, Sustainable city concept based on green hydrogen energy, Sustainable Cities and Society. 87 (2022) 104154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104154.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. I. Dincer, N. Javani, G.K. Karayel, Sustainable city concept based on green hydrogen energy, Sustainable Cities and Society. 87 (2022) 104154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104154.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. M. Nasser, T.F. Megahed, S. Ookawara, H. Hassan, Performance evaluation of PV panels/wind turbines hybrid system for green hydrogen generation and storage: Energy, exergy, economic, and enviroeconomic, Energy Conversion and Management. 267 (2022) 115870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115870.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. M. Nasser, T.F. Megahed, S. Ookawara, H. Hassan, Performance evaluation of PV panels/wind turbines hybrid system for green hydrogen generation and storage: Energy, exergy, economic, and enviroeconomic, Energy Conversion and Management. 267 (2022) 115870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115870.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. A. Fatih Güven, M. Mahmoud Samy, Performance analysis of autonomous green energy system based on multi and hybrid metaheuristic optimization approaches, Energy Conversion and Management. 269 (2022) 116058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116058.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. A. Fatih Güven, M. Mahmoud Samy, Performance analysis of autonomous green energy system based on multi and hybrid metaheuristic optimization approaches, Energy Conversion and Management. 269 (2022) 116058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116058.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. A. Okunlola, M. Davis, A. Kumar, The development of an assessment framework to determine the technical hydrogen production potential from wind and solar energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 166 (2022) 112610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112610.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. A. Okunlola, M. Davis, A. Kumar, The development of an assessment framework to determine the technical hydrogen production potential from wind and solar energy, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 166 (2022) 112610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112610.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. J. Wang, J. Mao, R. Hao, S. Li, G. Bao, Multienergy coupling analysis and optimal scheduling of regional integrated energy system, Energy. 254 (2022) 124482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.124482.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. J. Wang, J. Mao, R. Hao, S. Li, G. Bao, Multienergy coupling analysis and optimal scheduling of regional integrated energy system, Energy. 254 (2022) 124482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.124482.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. W. Zhang, A. Maleki, M. Alhuyi Nazari, Optimal operation of a hydrogen station using multi-source renewable energy (solar/wind) by a new approach, Journal of Energy Storage. 53 (2022) 104983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2022.104983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. W. Zhang, A. Maleki, M. Alhuyi Nazari, Optimal operation of a hydrogen station using multi-source renewable energy (solar/wind) by a new approach, Journal of Energy Storage. 53 (2022) 104983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2022.104983.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. A. Izadi, M. Shahafve, P. Ahmadi, N. Javani, Transient simulation and techno-economic assessment of a near-zero energy building using a hydrogen storage system and different backup fuels, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 47 (2022) 31927–31940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.06.033.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. A. Izadi, M. Shahafve, P. Ahmadi, N. Javani, Transient simulation and techno-economic assessment of a near-zero energy building using a hydrogen storage system and different backup fuels, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 47 (2022) 31927–31940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.06.033.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. V. Mariani, F. Zenith, L. Glielmo, Operating Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage Systems in Wind Farms for Smooth Power Injection: A Penalty Fees Aware Model Predictive Control, Energies. 15 (2022) 6307. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. V. Mariani, F. Zenith, L. Glielmo, Operating Hydrogen-Based Energy Storage Systems in Wind Farms for Smooth Power Injection: A Penalty Fees Aware Model Predictive Control, Energies. 15 (2022) 6307. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. T. Liu, Z. Yang, Y. Duan, S. Hu, Technoeconomic assessment of hydrogen integrated into electrical/thermal energy storage in PV+ Wind system devoting to high reliability, Energy Conversion and Management. 268 (2022) 116067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116067.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. T. Liu, Z. Yang, Y. Duan, S. Hu, Technoeconomic assessment of hydrogen integrated into electrical/thermal energy storage in PV+ Wind system devoting to high reliability, Energy Conversion and Management. 268 (2022) 116067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116067.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. A.A. Alturki, Optimal design for a hybrid microgrid-hydrogen storage facility in Saudi Arabia, Energ Sustain Soc. 12 (2022) 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-022-00351-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. A.A. Alturki, Optimal design for a hybrid microgrid-hydrogen storage facility in Saudi Arabia, Energ Sustain Soc. 12 (2022) 24. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-022-00351-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. H.S. Salama, G. Magdy, A. Bakeer, I. Vokony, Adaptive coordination control strategy of renewable energy sources, hydrogen production unit, and fuel cell for frequency regulation of a hybrid distributed power system, Prot Control Mod Power Syst. 7 (2022) 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41601-022-00258-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. H.S. Salama, G. Magdy, A. Bakeer, I. Vokony, Adaptive coordination control strategy of renewable energy sources, hydrogen production unit, and fuel cell for frequency regulation of a hybrid distributed power system, Prot Control Mod Power Syst. 7 (2022) 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41601-022-00258-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. J. Sun, W. Zhou, H. Zhou, A novel principle for PLL and its application in digital innovation experiment of circuits in active hydrogen maser, in: 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium, IEEE, Newport Beach, CA, USA, 2010: pp. 431–434. https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. J. Sun, W. Zhou, H. Zhou, A novel principle for PLL and its application in digital innovation experiment of circuits in active hydrogen maser, in: 2010 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium, IEEE, Newport Beach, CA, USA, 2010: pp. 431–434. https://doi.org/10.1109/FREQ.2010.5556295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. H. Zhang, T. Yuan, Optimization and economic evaluation of a PEM electrolysis system considering its degradation in variable-power operations, Applied Energy. 324 (2022) 119760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119760.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. H. Zhang, T. Yuan, Optimization and economic evaluation of a PEM electrolysis system considering its degradation in variable-power operations, Applied Energy. 324 (2022) 119760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119760.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. F. K/bidi, C. Damour, D. Grondin, M. Hilairet, M. Benne, Power Management of a Hybrid Micro-Grid with Photovoltaic Production and Hydrogen Storage, Energies. 14 (2021) 1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14061628.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. F. K/bidi, C. Damour, D. Grondin, M. Hilairet, M. Benne, Power Management of a Hybrid Micro-Grid with Photovoltaic Production and Hydrogen Storage, Energies. 14 (2021) 1628. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14061628.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. M. Tao, J.A. Azzolini, E.B. Stechel, K.E. Ayers, T.I. Valdez, Review—Engineering Challenges in Green Hydrogen Production Systems, J. Electrochem. Soc. 169 (2022) 054503. https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac6983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. M. Tao, J.A. Azzolini, E.B. Stechel, K.E. Ayers, T.I. Valdez, Review—Engineering Challenges in Green Hydrogen Production Systems, J. Electrochem. Soc. 169 (2022) 054503. https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac6983.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. B. Yodwong, D. Guilbert, M. Phattanasak, W. Kaewmanee, M. Hinaje, G. Vitale, AC-DC Converters for Electrolyzer Applications: State of the Art and Future Challenges, Electronics. 9 (2020) 912. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060912.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. B. Yodwong, D. Guilbert, M. Phattanasak, W. Kaewmanee, M. Hinaje, G. Vitale, AC-DC Converters for Electrolyzer Applications: State of the Art and Future Challenges, Electronics. 9 (2020) 912. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060912.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. D. Concha, H. Renaudineau, M.S. Hernández, A.M. Llor, S. Kouro, Evaluation of DCX converters for off-grid photovoltaic-based green hydrogen production, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 46 (2021) 19861–19870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.03.129.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. D. Concha, H. Renaudineau, M.S. Hernández, A.M. Llor, S. Kouro, Evaluation of DCX converters for off-grid photovoltaic-based green hydrogen production, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 46 (2021) 19861–19870. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.03.129.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. N.K. Singh, S. Saxena, V.K. Sethi, Performance Evaluation of A PV- Powered Alkaline Water Electrolyzer for Sustainable Green Hydrogen Production, IJETT. 70 (2022) 337–348. https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V70I6P235.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. N.K. Singh, S. Saxena, V.K. Sethi, Performance Evaluation of A PV- Powered Alkaline Water Electrolyzer for Sustainable Green Hydrogen Production, IJETT. 70 (2022) 337–348. https://doi.org/10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V70I6P235.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. V. Subotić, C. Hochenauer, Analysis of solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells operated in a real-system environment: State-of-the-health diagnostic, failure modes, degradation mitigation and performance regeneration, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 93 (2022) 101011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101011.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. V. Subotić, C. Hochenauer, Analysis of solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells operated in a real-system environment: State-of-the-health diagnostic, failure modes, degradation mitigation and performance regeneration, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 93 (2022) 101011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101011.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. C.H. Li, X.J. Zhu, Q.J. Zeng, Y.L. Wang, Modeling of Hydrogen Production in a Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System, AMR. 512–515 (2012) 1413–1417. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.512-515.1413.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. C.H. Li, X.J. Zhu, Q.J. Zeng, Y.L. Wang, Modeling of Hydrogen Production in a Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System, AMR. 512–515 (2012) 1413–1417. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.512-515.1413.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. F. Moazeni, J. Khazaei, Electrochemical optimization and small-signal analysis of grid-connected polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells for renewable energy integration, Renewable Energy. 155 (2020) 848–861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.03.165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. F. Moazeni, J. Khazaei, Electrochemical optimization and small-signal analysis of grid-connected polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells for renewable energy integration, Renewable Energy. 155 (2020) 848–861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.03.165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. J. Khazaei, F. Moazeni, B. Trussell, A. Asrari, Small-signal Modeling and Analysis of a GridConnected PEM Fuel Cell, in: 2019 North American Power Symposium (NAPS), IEEE, Wichita, KS, USA, 2019: pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS46351.2019.9000355.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">. J. Khazaei, F. Moazeni, B. Trussell, A. Asrari, Small-signal Modeling and Analysis of a GridConnected PEM Fuel Cell, in: 2019 North American Power Symposium (NAPS), IEEE, Wichita, KS, USA, 2019: pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1109/NAPS46351.2019.9000355.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
