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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">alternative</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-8298</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15518/isjaee.2023.05.087-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">alternative-2260</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>VII. ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ. 17. Энергетика и экология</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>VII. ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY.17. Energy and Ecology</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анаэробное разложение высококонцентрированных нитроцеллюлозосодержащих отходов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anaerobic decomposition of highly concentrated nitrocellulose-containing waste</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-9776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайдамака</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaydamaka</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гайдамака Сергей Николаевич - научный сотрудник кафедры химической энзимологии, кандидат химических наук, химик</p><p>119991, Российская Федерация, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1</p><p>+74959395083</p><p>Researcher ID: ABB-4102-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 8968522300</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Gaydamaka - Researcher of the Department of Chemical Enzymology, Candidate of Chemical Sciences,  chemist</p><p>Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991, Moscow</p><p>+74959395083</p><p>Researcher ID: ABB-4102-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 8968522300</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.gaidamaka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-0146</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гладченко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gladchenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гладченко Марина Анатольевна - старший научный сотрудник кафедры химической энзимологии, кандидат технических наук, инженер-технолог</p><p>119991, Российская Федерация, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1</p><p>Researcher ID: K-2316-2015</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6603312528</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A.Gladchenko - Senior Researcher of the Department of Chemical Enzymology, Candidate of Technical Sciences</p><p>Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991, Moscow</p><p>Researcher ID: K-2316-2015</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 6603312528</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнилов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornilov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнилов Игорь Вадимович - руководитель департамента научных исследований</p><p>115172, г. Москва, ул. Большие Каменщики, д. 6, стр. 1А, комната 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor’ V. Kornilov - head of the Department of Scientific Research</p><p>Bolshye Kamenschiki str., 6, p. 1A, room 24, 115172, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рязанов</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryazanov</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рязанов Михаил Николаевич - советник, инженер-механик</p><p>115172, г. Москва, ул. Большие Каменщики, д. 6, стр. 1А, комната 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail N. Ryazanov - advisor</p><p>Bolshye Kamenschiki str., 6, p. 1A, room 24, 115172, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Герасимов Максим Александрович - директор</p><p>115172, г. Москва, ул. Большие Каменщики, д. 6, стр. 1А, комната 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim A. Gerasimov - director</p><p>Bolshye Kamenschiki str., 6, p. 1A, room 24, 115172, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-6907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнилова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornilova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнилова Альбина Александровна - старший научный сотрудник кафедры физики твёрдого тела, кандидат физико-математических наук, физик</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, д. 1</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7004498796</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Al’bina A. Kornilova - Senior Researcher of the Department of Solid State Physics, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, physicist</p><p>Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ООО «Центр проектирования технологий»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">LLC "Center Projection of Technologies"<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2260">https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2260</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучена деградация отходов с содержанием нитроцеллюлозы около 75% и влажностью 80% в строго анаэробных условиях при различных температурных условиях. Проверена возможность разложения нитроцеллюлозы под действием аборигенной анаэробной микрофлоры донных отложений шламонакопителя без дополнительного источника органических веществ, а также при дополнительном внесении источника биогенных веществ, послеспиртовой барды - отхода спиртового производства. С целью интенсификации процесса разложения НЦ содержащих отходов было исследовано применение анаэробных консорциумов мезофильных и термофильных микроорганизмов из действующих промышленных анаэробных биореакторов. Показано, что нитроцеллюлоза, накапливаемая в шламонакопителях, не претерпевает никаких изменений и остаётся взрывоопасной десятки лет. Стимуляция дополнительным источником биогенных элементов и развитие аборигенной микрофлоры позволило снизить концентрацию нитроцеллюлозы на 44 % за 100 суток в анаэробных условиях и температуре процесса 35 °C. Применение мезофильного биокатализатора с объемной загрузкой 30 % (от объема жидкой фазы биореактора) и температурой анаэробного процесса 35 °C снижает концентрацию нитроцеллюлозы на 39 %. Максимальное разложение НЦ достигается при внесении термофильного биокатализатора с объемной загрузкой 30 % (от объема жидкой фазы биореактора) с эффективностью разложения НЦ 99% за 100 суток. Константа скорости разложения НЦ с помощью термофильного биокатализатора составила 0,0248 сут1, в то время как период полураспада НЦ – 28 суток.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Degradation of waste with a nitrocellulose content of about 75% and humidity of 80% under strictly anaerobic conditions under various temperature conditions has been studied. The possibility of decomposition of nitrocellulose under the action of the native anaerobic microflora of the bottom sediments of the sludge accumulator without an additional source of organic substances, as well as with the additional introduction of a source of nutrients, post-alcohol bard - waste of alcohol production was tested. In order to intensify the decomposition process of NC containing waste, the use of anaerobic consortia of mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms from existing industrial anaerobic bioreactors was investigated. It is shown that nitrocellulose accumulated in sludge accumulators does not undergo any changes and remains explosive for decades. Stimulation by an additional source of biogenic elements and the development of native microflora made it possible to reduce the concentration of nitrocellulose by 44 % in 100 days under anaerobic conditions and a process temperature of 35 °C. The use of a mesophilic biocatalyst with a volume loading of 30 % (of the volume of the liquid phase of the bioreactor) and an anaerobic process temperature of 35° C reduces the concentration of nitrocellulose by 39 %. The maximum decomposition of NC is achieved when a thermophilic biocatalyst is introduced with a volumetric loading of 30 % (of the volume of the liquid phase of the bioreactor) with a decomposition efficiency of 99 % in 100 days. The rate constant of decomposition of NC using a thermophilic biocatalyst was 0.0248 day-1, while the half–life of NC was 28 days.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нитроцеллюлоза</kwd><kwd>отходы</kwd><kwd>анаэробные процессы</kwd><kwd>кинетические параметры</kwd><kwd>биокатализатор</kwd><kwd>ко-субстраты</kwd><kwd>микроорганизмы</kwd><kwd>биогенные элементы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nitrocellulose</kwd><kwd>waste</kwd><kwd>anaerobic processes</kwd><kwd>kinetic parameters</kwd><kwd>biocatalyst</kwd><kwd>co-substrates</kwd><kwd>microorganisms</kwd><kwd>biogenic elements</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. Ahmad A., Buang A., Bhat A. Renewable and sustainable bioenergy production from microalgal co-cultivation with palm oil mill effluent (POME): a review. 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