alternativeАльтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)1608-8298Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс10.15518/isjaee.2023.06.076-092alternative-2279Research ArticleВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА. ЭНЕРГИЯ БИОМАССЫRENEWABLE ENERGY. ENERGY OF BIOMASSАнаэробная конверсия послеспиртовой барды в сочетании c отходами животноводства и птицеводства в метан в качестве субстрата для получения водородаAnaerobic conversion of waste of alcohol production with animal and poultry waste into methane as a substrate for hydrogen productionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3233-0146ГладченкоМ. А.GladchenkoM. А.

Гладченко Марина Анатольевна - старший научный сотрудник кафедры химической энзимологии, кандидат технических наук

Researcher ID: K-2316-2015 Scopus Author ID: 6603312528

119991,  Москва, Ленинские горы, 1/3

Marina A.Gladchenko - Senior Researcher of the Department of Chemical Enzymology, Candidate of Technical Sciences

Researcher ID: K-2316-2015  Scopus Author ID: 6603312528 

Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991, Moscow,

gladmarina@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-9776ГайдамакаС. Н.GaydamakaS. N.

Гайдамака Сергей Николаевич - научный сотрудник кафедры химической энзимологии, кандидат химических наук

Researcher ID: ABB-4102-2020  Scopus Author ID: 8968522300

119991,  Москва, Ленинские горы, 1/3

Sergey N. Gaydamaka - Researcher of the Department of Chemical Enzymology, Candidate of Chemical Sciences

Researcher ID: ABB-4102-2020 Scopus Author ID: 8968522300

Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991

КорниловИ. В.KornilovI. V.

Корнилов Игорь Вадимович - руководитель департамента научных исследований

115172, г. Москва, ул. Большие Каменщики, д. 6, стр. 1А, комната 24

Igor’ V. Kornilov - head of the Department of Scientific Research

Bolshye Kamenschiki str., 6, p. 1A, room 24, 115172, Moscow

ЧерновВ. В.ChernovV. V.

Чернов Вадим Викторович - директор

453100, Республика Башкортостан, г. Стерлитамак, Проспект Октября, владение 36, офис 23

Vadim V. Chernov - Director

Oktyabrya Avenue, 36, room 23, 453100, Sterlitamak, Republic of Bashkortostan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5148-6907КорниловаА. А.KornilovaA. А.

Корнилова Альбина Александровна - старший научный сотрудник кафедры физики твёрдого тела, кандидат физико-математических наук

Scopus Author ID: 7004498796

119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1/3

Al’bina A. Kornilova - Senior Researcher of the Department of Solid State Physics, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences

Scopus Author ID: 7004498796

Leninskie Gory, 1, 119991, Moscow

Московский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationООО «Центр проектирования технологий»РоссияLLC "Center Projection of Technologies"Russian FederationООО «Энергоконсалтинг»РоссияLLC "Energoconsulting"Russian Federation202323012024067692Copyright © Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 20232023Международный издательский дом научной периодики "СпейсМеждународный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейсhttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2279

Актуальным на сегодняшний день является поиск подходов к вовлечению в анаэробную переработку многотоннажных и “проблемных” отходов, несбалансированных по содержанию азота и углерода и получению полезных и экологически совместимых продуктов.

Проведена оценка анаэробной биотрансформации в термофильном режиме (55 °С) отходов агропромышленного комплекса. Установлено, что органические отходы (послеспиртовая барда, коровий навоз и куриный помет) обладают большим потенциалом для получения биогаза с высоким содержанием метана и углекислого газа с низким содержанием примесей. Метан входящий в состав биогаза может быть рекомендован в качестве сырья для получения водорода - экологически безопасного и эффективного топлива. При соотношении компонентов в составе смешанного субстрата барда:навоз:помет - 6:3:1 за 21-29 суток анаэробного сбраживания обеспечивались наилучшие показатели эффективности метаногенеза по метану (61-63%) и биогазу (70-73%), доля метана в составе биогаза составляла 61%. При биотрансформации чистой барды эффективность минерализации по азоту (58-67%) была ниже, чем при использовании смеси органических отходов (63-69%). С точки зрения получения максимального количества биогаза целесообразным является добавление к субстрату карбонатного буфера или известняковой муки (9% мас.) для смещения значений рН рабочего раствора в сторону слабощелочных значений. Однако для накопления в конечном растворе свободных фосфатов более предпочтительно использование карбонатного буфера. Оставшиеся после получения биогаза анаэробно обработанные твердые осадки, а также жидкие стоки (анаэробно обработанные эффлюенты) могут рассматриваться в качестве потенциальных органических и биогенных удобрений или их компонентов.

It is relevant today to search for approaches to involving large-tonnage and “problematic” waste, unbalanced in nitrogen and carbon content, in anaerobic processing and obtaining useful and environmentally compatible products.

The assessment of anaerobic biotransformation in thermophilic mode (55 0C) of agricultural waste was carried out. It has been established that organic wastes (distillery stillage, cow dung and chicken manure) have a great potential for producing biogas with a high content of methane and carbon dioxide with a low content of impurities. Methane included in biogas can be recommended as a raw material for production of hydrogen - environmentally safe and efficient fuel. With the ratio of components in the composition of the mixed substrate of bard: manure: litter - 6: 3: 1 for 21-29 days of anaerobic digestion, the best indicators of the efficiency of methanogenesis for methane (61- 63%) and biogas (70-73%) were provided, the share of methane in composition of biogas was 61%. With the biotransformation of pure stillage, the nitrogen mineralization efficiency (58-67%) was lower than when using a mixture of organic waste (63-69%). From the point of view of obtaining the maximum amount of biogas, it is advisable to add a carbonate buffer or limestone flour (9% wt.) to the substrate to shift the pH values of the working solution towards slightly alkaline values. However, for accumulation of free phosphates in the final solution, the use of a carbonate buffer is more preferable. The anaerobically treated solid sludge remaining after biogas production, as well as liquid effluents (anaerobically treated effluents) can be considered as potential organic and biogenic fertilizers or their components.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.