References

alternative

Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)

Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)

1608-8298

Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс

10.15518/isjaee.2024.02.043-054

alternative-2354

Research Article

I. ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА. 2. Ветроэнергетика

I. RENEWABLE ENERGY. 2. Wind energy

Экспериментальные и теоретические исследования по минимизации зубчатого момента синхронной машины с постоянными магнитами

Experimental and Theoretical Research on Cogging Torque Minimization for PM Synchronous Machine

Топорков

Д. М.

Toporkov

D. M.

Топорков Дмитрий Михайлович, к.т.н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой Электромеханики факультета Мехатроники и автоматизации

630073, Новосибирск, пр. К. Маркса, 20

Тел +7-913-752-41-69

Dmitriy M. Toporkov, PhD, Associate Professor, Head of the Electromechanics Department, Faculty of Mechatronics and Automation

+7-913-752-41-69

toporkov@corp.nstu.ru

Арестова

А. Ю.

Arestova

A. Yu.

Арестова Анна Юрьевна, старший преподаватель кафедры Автоматизированных электроэнергетических систем факультета Энергетики

630073, Новосибирск, пр. К. Маркса, 20

Тел. +7-923-246-71-98

Anna Yu. Arestova, Senior lecturer of Automated power systems Department

+7-923-246-71-98

arestova@corp.nstu.ru

Новосибирский государственный технический университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Technical UniversityRussian Federation

2024

15052024

024354

2023

Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс

https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice

https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2354

The paper presents the cogging torque minimization method based on numerical calculation. The considered method assumes that the amplitude of the permeance harmonic is a periodic function of the slot opening, and it will be equal to zero if the opening value is a multiple of or equal to the period of the permeance harmonic. The numerical methods are applied for accuracy enchantment under magnetic field calculation. The air gap permeance function is calculated considering the actual pattern of field distribution in the area of the gap and slot opening, the edge effects, and steel saturation. The two-dimensional finite element model corresponding to the cross-section of a cylindrical machine and the Maxwell stress tensor method is used for cogging torque calculation. The paper provides a quantitative comparison of the relative slot opening values under analytical and finite element method calculation. The developed permanent magnet machine prototype is presented. The harmonic composition of cogging torque is obtained for machine prototype, and the fundamental harmonic is determined. Thus, the fundamental harmonic of the cogging torque can be eliminated by means of optimal slot opening width. The experimental and analytical results confirmed the cogging torque could be reduced by 2-8 times.

Auxiliary slotsclaw-polecogging torquemagnetic flux densitynumerical analysispermanent magnet synchronous machinestorque ripple

References1

. E. Agamloh, A. Von Jouanne and A. Yokochi. «An overview of electric machine trends in modern electric vehicles» Machines, vol. 8(2), pp. 1-20, April 2020.

. T. He, Z. Zhu, F. Eastham, Y. Wang, H. Bin, D. Wu, and J. Chen, «Permanent magnet machines for high-speed applications» World Electric Vehicle Journal, vol. 13(1), pp. 1-18, Jan. 2022.

. X. C. Le, M. Q. Duong, and K. H. Le. «Review of the modern maximum power tracking algorithms for permanent magnet synchronous generator of wind power conversion systems». Energies, vol. 16(1), pp.1-25, Dec. 2022.

. T. Y. Heng, T. J. Ding, C. C. W. Chang, T. J. Ping, H. C. Yian, and M. Dahari, «Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator design optimization for wind energy conversion system: A review». Energy Reports, vol. 8, pp. 277-282, Dec. 2022.

. J. Zhao, X. Liu, S. Wang, and L. Zheng, «Review of Design and Control Optimization of Axial Flux PMSM in Renewable-energy Applications». Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 36(1), pp. 1-21, 2023.

. S. Singh, S. N. Singh, and A. N. Tiwari, «PMSM drives and its application: An overview». Recent Advances in Electrical & Electronic Engineering, vol. 16(1), pp. 4-16, 2023.

. I. Boldea, L. N. Tutelea, N. Muntean, A. Popa, and F. Blaabjerg. «Robotics Electric Actuators: Recent Progress in High Torque Density Designs and Their Advanced Motion Control–A Review». Proceedings of the Romanian Academy Series A-Mathematics Physics Technical Sciences Information Science, vol. 21(4), pp. 337-355, 2020.

. K. Ullah, J. Guzinski, and A. F. Mirza, «Critical review on robust speed control techniques for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed regulation». Energies, vol. 15(3), pp. 1-13, Feb. 2022.

. Q. Hou, S. Ding, and X. Yu, «Composite super-twisting sliding mode control design for PMSM speed regulation problem based on a novel disturbance observer» IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 36(4), pp. 2591-2599, 2020.

. Z. Li, J. An, Q. Zhang, H. Liu and H. Sun, «Design of PMSLM position controller based on model predictive control algorithm». IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 78835-78846, 2021.

. Y. Lu, Z. Jiang, C. Chen, and Y. Zhuang. «Energy efficiency optimization of field-oriented control for PMSM in all electric system» Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, vol. 48, pp. 1-8, 2021.

. K. Dambrauskas, J. Vanagas, T. Zimnickas, A. Kalvaitis, and M. Ažubalis. «A method for efficiency determination of permanent magnet synchronous motor» Energies, vol. 13(4), pp. 1-15, 2020.

. C. Candelo-Zuluaga, J. R. Riba, and A. Garcia. «PMSM torque-speed-efficiency map evaluation from parameter estimation based on the stand still test» Energies, vol. 14(20), pp. 1-15, 2021.

. Y. Yang, Q. He, C. Fu, S. Liao, and P. Tan. «Efficiency improvement of permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles». Energy, vol. 213, pp. 1-11, 2020.

. P. J. Megia, A. J. Vizcaíno, J. A. Calles, and A. Carrero. «Hydrogen production technologies: from fossil fuels toward renewable sources. A mini review». Energy & Fuels, vol. 35(20), pp. 16403-16415, 2021.

. A. T. Hoang, and X. P. Nguyen. «Integrating renewable sources into energy system for smart city as a sagacious strategy towards clean and sustainable process». Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 305, pp. 1-33, 2021.

. F. Chien, H. W. Kamran, G. Albashar, and W. Iqbal. «Dynamic planning, conversion, and management strategy of different renewable energy sources: a sustainable solution for severe energy crises in emerging economies». International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 46(11), pp. 7745-7758, 2021.

. S. Kumar, R. K. Saket, D. K. Dheer, J. B. Holm-Nielsen, and P. Sanjeevikumar. «Reliability enhancement of electrical power system including impacts of renewable energy sources: a comprehensive review» IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol. 14(10), pp. 1799-1815, 2020.

. D. Cevasco, S. Koukoura, and A. J. Kolios. «Reliability, availability, maintainability data review for the identification of trends in offshore wind energy applications». Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 136, pp. 1-21, 2021.

. S. Peyghami, F. Blaabjerg, and P. Palensky. «Incorporating power electronic converters reliability into modern power system reliability analysis» IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 9(2), pp. 1668-1681, 2020.

. P. M. Tlali, R. J. Wang, S. Gerber, C. D. Botha, and M. J. Kamper. «Design and performance comparison of vernier and conventional PM synchronous wind generators». IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 56(3), pp. 2570-2579, 2020.

. R. M. Pindoriya, R. K. Thakur, B. S. Rajpurohit, and R. Kumar. «Numerical and experimental analysis of torsional vibration and acoustic noise of PMSM coupled with DC generator». IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 69(4), pp. 3345-3356, 2021.

. S. German-Galkin, and M. Staude. «Energy properties of a hybrid DC generator with PMSM». In 2020 19th International Conference on Mechatronics-Mechatronika, pp. 1-7, Dec. 2020.

. Y. Xu, M. Ai, and Z. Xu. «Influence of partial winding fault on electromagnetic performance of permanent magnet wind generator with double three-phase winding». Energy Reports, vol. 7, pp. 6462-6472, Nov. 2021.

. H. Fang, Y. Wei, and Y. Feng. «Design of dual-rotor PMSG for wave energy conversion». Energy Reports, vol. 6, pp. 397-401, Dec. 2020.

. V. Prakht, V. Dmitrievskii, V. Kazakbaev, and M. N. Ibrahim. «Comparison between rare-earth and ferrite permanent magnet flux-switching generators for gearless wind turbines». Energy Reports, vol. 6, pp. 1365-1369, Dec. 2020.

. Y. Merizalde, L. Hernández-Callejo, and O. Duque-Perez. «State of the art and trends in the monitoring, detection and diagnosis of failures in electric induction motors». Energies, vol. 10(7), pp. 1056, July 2017.

. F. Bu, Z. Yang, Y. Gao, Z. Pan, T. Pu, M. Degano, and C. Gerada. «Speed ripple reduction of direct-drive PMSM servo system at low-speed operation using virtual cogging torque control method». IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 68(1), pp. 160-174, 2020.

. X. Duan, X. Zhang, Y. Tang, and M. Hao. «Cogging torque reduction in pmsm in wide temperature range by response surface methodology». Symmetry, vol. 13(10), pp. 1-17, 2021.

. D. M. Toporkov, and G. B. Vialcev. «Impact of equalizing currents on losses and torque ripples in electrical machines with fractional slot concentrated windings». In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 87(3), pp. 1-7, Oct. 2017

. T. Orlowska-Kowalska, M. Wolkiewicz, P. Pietrzak, M. Skowron, P. Ewert, G. Tarchala, and C. T. Kowalski. «Fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of PMSM drives-state of the art and future challenges.». IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 59979-60024, 2022.

. Z. Ullah, B. A. Lodhi, and J. Hur. «Detection and identification of demagnetization and bearing faults in PMSM using transfer learning-based VGG». Energies, vol. 13(15), pp. 1-17, 2020.

. M. Skowron, T. Orlowska-Kowalska, and C. T. Kowalski. «Detection of permanent magnet damage of PMSM drive based on direct analysis of the stator phase currents using convolutional neural network». IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 69(12), pp. 13665-13675, 2022.

. X. Li, L. Zhang, H. Ying Ying, S. Huang, and Q. Zhang. «Study of suppression of vibration and noise of PMSM for electric vehicles». IET Electric Power Applications, vol. 14(7), pp. 1274-1282, 2020.

. N. Remus, M. S. Toulabi, S. Mukundan, H. Dhulipati, W. Li, C. Novak, and N. C. Kar. «Electromagnetic noise and vibration in pmsm and their sources: An overview». In 2020 IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 1-4, Aug. 2020.

. H. K. Lee, T. K. Bang, J. H. Woo, H. S. Shin, and J. Y. Choi. «Electromagnetic characteristic analysis of permanent magnet synchronous machine considering current waveform according to static rotor eccentricity». Applied Sciences, vol. 10(23), pp. 8453, Nov. 2020.

. Y. Chen, S. Liang, W. Li, H. Liang, and C. Wang. «Faults and diagnosis methods of permanent magnet synchronous motors: A review». Applied Sciences, vol. 9(10), pp. 2116, May 2019.

. M. Sahraoui, A. Ghoggal, S. Guedidi, and S. E. Zouzou. «Detection of inter-turn short-circuit in induction motors using Park–Hilbert method». International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, vol. 5(3), pp. 337-351, June 2014.

. L. A. García-Escudero, O. Duque-Perez, M. Fernandez-Temprano, and D. Morinigo-Sotelo «Robust detection of incipient faults in VSI-fed induction motors using quality control charts». IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 53(3), pp. 3076-3085, Oct. 2016.

. Z. Liu, Q. Xia, L. Chen, H. Zhang, C. Wang, and X. Li. «Demagnetization fault diagnosis of PMSM based on fuzzy extreme learning machine». In 2020 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC), pp. 5690-5695, Nov. 2020.

. G. A. Skarmoutsos, K. N. Gyftakis, and M. Mueller. «Analytical prediction of the MCSA signatures under dynamic eccentricity in pm machines with concentrated non-overlapping windings.». IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 37(2), pp. 1011-1019, Oct. 2021.

. P. Ewert, and M. Jaworski. «Application of selected higher-order methods to detect rotor unbalance of drive system with PMSM». In 2021 IEEE 19th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference (PEMC), pp. 874-879, Apr. 2021.

. J. De Bisschop, P. Sergeant, A. Hemeida, H. Vansompel, and L. Dupré. «Analytical model for combined study of magnet demagnetization and eccentricity defects in axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machines». IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 53(9), pp.1-12, May 2017.

. S. Leitner, H. Gruebler, and A. Muetze. «Cogging torque minimization and performance of the sub-fractional HP BLDC claw-pole motor». IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 55(5), pp. 4653-4664, Oct. 2019.

. J. Ou, Y. Liu, R. Qu, and M. Doppelbauer. «Experimental and theoretical research on cogging torque of PM synchronous motors considering manufacturing tolerances». IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 65(5), pp. 3772-3783, Oct. 2017.

. Z. Xue, H. Li, Y. Zhou, N. Ren, and W. Wen. «Analytical prediction and optimization of cogging torque in surface-mounted permanent magnet machines with modified particle swarm optimization». IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64(12), pp. 9795-9805, June 2017.

. A. G. Pristup, D. M. Toporkov, and A. F. Shevchenko. «A study of cogging torque in permanent magnet synchronous machines with fractional slot windings». Russian Electrical Engineering, 85(12), pp. 743-747, Feb. 2014

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.