<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">alternative</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-8298</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15518/isjaee.2023.09.012-027</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">alternative-2492</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>II. НЕВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА. 9. Атомная энергетика. 9-1-0-0 Атомно-водородная энергетика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>II. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY. 9. Atomic energy. 9-1-0-0 Atomic-hydrogen energy</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Многоканальное общестанционное резервирование собственных нужд АЭС на основе комбинирования с автономным водородным энергокомплексом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Multi-channel common-plant reservation of NPP own needs based on combination with an autonomous hydrogen energy complex</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрин</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurin</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерий Евгеньевич Юрин, док. тех. наук, профессор</p><p>кафедра Тепловая и атомная энергетика</p><p>410054; ул. Политехническая, 77; Саратов</p><p>Образование: Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Гагарина Ю.А., 2012г. Область научных интересов: энергетические системы на органическом топливе, водородная энергетика, ядерная и радиационная безопасность, тепловые аккумуляторы. Публикации: 105</p><p>тел. (845-2) 99-86-03; факс: (845-2) 99-86-04</p><p>e-mail: sstu_office@sstu.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriy Evgenievich Yurin, doctor of technical science in Engineering, professor</p><p>410054; st. Politekhnicheskaya, 77; Saratov</p><p>Education: Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 2012. Research area: energy systems on organic fuel, hydrogen energy, nuclear and radiationsafety, heat accumulators. Publications: 105</p><p>tel. (845-2) 99-86-03; fax (845-2) 99-86-04</p><p>e-mail: sstu_office@sstu.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">urin1990777@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Николаевич Егоров, канд. тех. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>410028; ул. Рабочая 24; Саратов</p><p>Образование: Саратовский государственный технический университет, 2010 г. Область научных интересов: водородная энергетика, атомная энергетика, энерго- и ресурсосберегающие, экологически чистые химико-технологические процессы, моделирование технических систем, термодинамические процессы в технических системах, процессы тепло- и массообмена, возобновляемые источники и системы прямого преобразования энергии. Публикации: 95</p><p>тел. (845-2)27-14-36; факс (845-2)27-14-36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr Nicolaevich Egorov, Ph.D. in Engineering, Senior Researcher</p><p>Education: Saratov State Technical University, 2010. Research area: hydrogen energy, nuclear energy, energy resourses savings, ecological clean and chemical-technological processes, modeling of technical systems, thermodinamics processes in technical systems, processes thermal and mass ex-change, renewable and systems of direct trans-form energy. Publications: 95</p><p>410028; st. Rabochaya 24; Saratov</p><p>tel. (845-2)27-14-36, fax (845-2)27-14-36</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wwwean@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский Государственный Технический Университет имени Гагарина Ю.А.</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov State Technical University named after Yu.A. Gagarin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр «Саратовский научный центр» Российской Академии Наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2492">https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2492</self-uri><abstract><p>   Авторами разработан автономный водородный энергокомплекс, проведен анализ его экономической эффективности. Разработанный энергокомплекс является многофункциональным. Основным результатом работы является производство и отпуск электроэнергии в энергосистему в часы повышенной нагрузки. Кроме того, входящие в энергокомплекс маломощные паровые турбины могут обеспечивать общестанционное резервирование собственных нужд АЭС на случай обесточивания станции: на основе опытных данных Балаковской АЭС ранее было показано, что один энергоблок с маломощной турбиной с использованием энергии остаточного тепловыделения реактора может при разрыве связи АЭС с энергосистемой длительное время обеспечивать электроэнергией несколько энергоблоков. Благодаря установке маломощных турбин в составе водородного энергокомплекса будет обеспечено их постоянное прогретое состояние и самоокупаемость за счет выработки электроэнергии в энергосистему или на собственные нужды в штатном режиме. В работе рассмотрены варианты установки автономного водородного энергокомплекса с и без замещения дорогостоящих внешних теплообменников системы пассивного отвода тепловыделения активной зоны реактора. Также рассчитана эффективность альтернативного варианта без установки системы аккумулирования с продажей в энергосистему внепиковой электроэнергии, которая в варианте с АВК используется для выработки водорода/кислорода методом электролиза, в зависимости от тарифа на внепиковую электроэнергию. Ввиду отсутствия действующих аналогов водородного энергокомплекса, было рассмотрено несколько вариантов предполагаемых капиталовложений. Результаты исследования выявили, что замещение дорогостоящего оборудования системы пассивного отвода тепловыделения значительно повышает экономическую эффективность предлагаемой системы резервирования. Для принятых вариантов капитальных вложений показаны граничные значения внепикового отпускного тарифа на электроэнергию, при которых использование аккумулирующей системы эффективнее в сравнении с продажей ночной электроэнергии в энергосистему.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   The authors have developed an autonomous hydrogen energy complex and analyzed its economic efficiency. The developed energy complex is multifunctional. The main result of the work is the production and supply of electricity to the power system during high load hours. In addition, low-power steam turbines included in the energy complex can provide plant-wide backup for the NPP’s own needs in the event of a station blackout: based on experimental data from the Balakovo NPP, it was previously shown that one power unit with a low-power turbine using the energy of the decay heat of the reactor can, if the connection between the NPP and the power system is broken, provide electricity to several power units for a long time. Thanks to the installation of low-power turbines as part of the hydrogen energy complex, their constant heated state and self-sufficiency will be ensured by generating electricity into the power system or for their own needs in normal mode. The work discusses options for installing an autonomous hydrogen energy complex with and without replacing expensive external heat exchangers of the passive heat removal system of the reactor core. The efficiency of an alternative option without installing a storage system with the sale of off-peak electricity to the power system, which is used to produce hydrogen/oxygen by electrolysis, depending on the tariff for off-peak electricity, is also calculated. Due to the lack of operating analogues of the hydrogen energy complex, several options for proposed capital investments were considered. The results of the study revealed that replacing expensive equipment of a passive heat removal system significantly increases the economic efficiency of the proposed redundancy system. For the accepted capital investment options, the boundary values of the off-peak selling tariff for electricity are shown, at which the use of a storage system is more effective in comparison with the sale of nighttime electricity to the power system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атомная энергетика</kwd><kwd>водородная энергетика</kwd><kwd>резервирование собственных нужд АЭС</kwd><kwd>аккумулирование энергии</kwd><kwd>технико-экономическая эффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nuclear energy</kwd><kwd>hydrogen energy</kwd><kwd>backup of nuclear power plant's own needs</kwd><kwd>energy storage</kwd><kwd>technical and economic efficiency</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 22-79-10211, https://rscf.ru/project/22-79-10211/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by a grant from the Russian scientific fund No. 22-79-10211, https://rscf.ru/project/22-79-10211/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Энергетическая стратегия России на период до 2035 г. Москва: Правительство Российской Федерации, 2020. 79 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Energy strategy of Russia for the period until 2035. Moscow: Government of the Russian Federation, 2020. 79 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Головин Р.А. Стратегия деятельности Госкорпорации «Росатом». М.: Росатом, 2018.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golovin R.A. Strategy for the activities of the State Corporation Rosatom. M.: Rosatom, 2018.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Samet J., Seo J. The Financial Costs of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Disaste r: A Review of the Literature. 2016. www.greencross.ch/uploads/media/2016_chernobyl_costs_report.pdf. (дата обращения 25. 05. 2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samet J., Seo J. The Financial Costs of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Disaster : A Review of the Literature. 2016. www.greencross.ch/uploads/media/2016_chernobyl_costs_report.pdf. (date of access 25. 05. 2023)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Committee for Reforming TEPCO and Overcoming 1F Challenges (TEPCO Committee), “TEPCO’s Reform Plan” of 14 December 2016 (in Japanese) accessed on 7 February 2017 at. http://www.meti.go.jp/committee/kenkyukai/energy_environment/touden_1f/pdf/007_01_00.pdf. (дата обращения 25. 05. 2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Committee for Reforming TEPCO and Overcoming 1F Challenges (TEPCO Committee), “TEPCO’s Reform Plan” of 14 December 2016 (in Japanese) accessed on 7 February 2017 at. http://www.meti.go.jp/committee/kenkyukai/energy_environment/touden_1f/pdf/007_01_00.pdf. (date of access 25. 05. 2023)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Green J. The economic impacts of the Fukushima disaster // World Information Service on Energy. Nuclear Monitor Issue: 836. Number 4609. 2016. https://wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/836/economic-impacts-fukushima-disaster. (дата обращения 25. 05. 2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Green J. The economic impacts of the Fukushima disaster // World Information Service on Energy. Nuclear Monitor Issue: 836. Number 4609. 2016. https://wiseinternational.org/nuclear-monitor/836/economic-impacts-fukushima-disaster. (date of access 25. 05. 2023)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yurin V.E., Egorov A.N., Bashlykov D.O. Cooldown of a water-cooled reactor during the natural circulation mode using decay heat of the core and a low-power steam turbine // Nuclear Engineering and Design. V. 409. 2023. 112364.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yurin V.E., Egorov A.N., Bashlykov D.O. Cooldown of a water-cooled reactor during the natural circulation mode using decay heat of the core and a low-power steam turbine // Nuclear Engineering and Design. V. 409. 2023. 112364.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aminov R.Z., Egorov A.N. Comparison and analysis of residual heat removal systems of reactors in station blackout accidents // Atomic Energy. 2017. V. 121. № 6. pp. 402-408.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminov R.Z., Egorov A.N. Comparison and analysis of residual heat removal systems of reactors in station blackout accidents // Atomic Energy. 2017. V. 121. № 6. pp. 402-408.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аминов Р.З., Юрин В.Е., Кузнецов Д.Ю. Исследование процессов расхолаживания водо-водяных реакторов на основе использования энергии остаточного тепловыделения для выработки электроэнергии в аварийных ситуациях с обесточиванием // Атомная энергия. Т. 128. № 4. С. 197-203.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminov, R.Z., Yurin, V.E. &amp; Kuznetsov, D.Y. Investigation of the Cooling of Water-Cooled and -Moderated Reactors Based on Electricity Generation Via Residual Heat in Emergency Situations with De-Energization. Atomic Energy (2020) 128(4), 211-217. DOI: 10.1007/s10512-020-00676-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аминов Р.З., Юрин В.Е., Егоров А.Н. Комбинирование АЭС с многофункциональными энергетическими установками. М.: Наука, 2018. 240 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminov R.Z., Yurin V.E., Egorov A.N. Combining nuclear power plants with multifunctional power plants. M.: Nauka, 2018. 240 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hafele W., Sassin W. Applications of nuclear power other than for electricity generation // European Nuclear Conference on Nuclear Energy Maturity. 1975. 126 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hafele W., Sassin W. Applications of nuclear power other than for electricity generation // European Nuclear Conference on Nuclear Energy Maturity. 1975. 126 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шпильрайн Э.Э., Малышенко С.Л., Кулешов Г.Г. Введение в водородную энергетику / М.: Энергоатомиздат, 1984. 264 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shpilrain E.E., Malyshenko S.L., Kuleshov G.G. Introduction to hydrogen energy / M.: Energoatomizdat, 1984. 264 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малышенко С.П., Назаров О.В., Сарумов Б.А. Термодинамические аспекты использования водорода для решения некоторых задач энергетики // Теплоэнергетика. 1986. № 10. С.43-47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malyshenko S.P., Nazarov O.V., Sarumov B.A. Thermodynamic aspects of using hydrogen to solve some energy problems // Thermoenergetics. 1986. No. 10. P.43-47.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forsberg C.W., Kazimi M.S. Nuclear hydrogen using high-temperature electrolysis and light-water reactors for peak electricity production // MIT-NES-TR-10. 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Forsberg C.W., Kazimi M.S. Nuclear hydrogen using high-temperature electrolysis and light-water reactors for peak electricity production // MIT-NES-TR-10. 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Levene J.I. Production of Hydrogen at the Forecourt Using Off-Peak Electricity // USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2005. 45 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levene J.I. Production of Hydrogen at the Forecourt Using Off-Peak Electricity // USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2005. 45 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Forsberg C.W. Nuclear hydrogen for peak electricity production and spinning reserve // Oak Ridge National Laboratory. 2005. 54 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Forsberg C.W. Nuclear hydrogen for peak electricity production and spinning reserve // Oak Ridge National Laboratory. 2005. 54 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тарасов Б.П., Лотоцкий М.В. Водород для производства энергии: проблемы и перспективы // Международный научный журнал Альтернативная энергетика и экология АЭЭ. № 8(40). 2006. С.72-90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarasov B.P., Lototsky M.V. Hydrogen for energy production: problems and prospects // International scientific journal Alternative energy and ecology of AEE. No. 8(40). 2006. P. 72-90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malyshenko S.P. JIHT RAS research and development in the field of hydrogen energy technologies // International Scientific Journal for Alternative Energy and Ecology. №3(95). 2011. pp. 10-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malyshenko S.P. JIHT RAS research and development in the field of hydrogen energy technologies // International Scientific Journal for Alternative Energy and Ecology. № 3(95). 2011. pp. 10-34.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аминов Р.З., Байрамов А.Н. Комбинирование водородных энергетических циклов с атомными электростанциями. М.: Наука, 2016. 254 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminov R.Z., Bayramov A.N. Combining hydrogen energy cycles with nuclear power plants. M.: Nauka, 2016. 254 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аминов Р.З., Егоров А.Н. Проблемы и пути обеспечения неравномерного электропотребления в условиях растущей доли АЭС в энергосистемах. Саратовский научный центр РАН. М.: Наука, 2020. 271 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminov R.Z., Egorov A.N. Problems and ways to ensure uneven power consumption in the context of the growing share of nuclear power plants in energy systems. Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. M.: Nauka, 2020. 271 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aminov R.Z., Egorov A.N., Yurin V.E. Hydrogen cycle based backup for NPP internal needs during a blackout // Atomic Energy. 2013. V. 114. I. 4. pp. 289-292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminov R.Z., Egorov A.N., Yurin V.E. Hydrogen cycle based backup for NPP internal needs during a blackout // Atomic Energy. 2013. V. 114. I. 4. pp. 289-292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yurin V.E., Egorov A.N. Predictive economic efficiency of combining nuclear power plants with autonomous hydrogen power complex // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021. V. 46. I. 63, pp. 20-27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yurin V.E., Egorov A.N. Predictive economic efficiency of combining nuclear power plants with autonomous hydrogen power complex // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021. V. 46. I. 63, pp. 20-27.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Официальный сайт о размещении заказов на закупки товаров, работ и услуг для нужд Госкорпорации «Росатом» http://zakupki.rosatom.ru (дата обращения 25. 05. 2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Official website about placing orders for the purchase of goods, works and services for the needs of the State Corporation Rosatom http://zakupki.rosatom.ru (дата обращения 25. 05. 2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Свириденко И.И., Тимофеев В.А., Шевелев Д.В. Исследование характеристик пассивной тепловой защиты конечного поглотителя СПОТ реакторной установки c ВВЭР-1000 // Вісник СевНТУ. Севастополь. Вид-во СевНТУ. 2009. № 97. С. 69-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sviridenko I.I., Timofeev V.A., Shevelev D.V. Study of the characteristics of passive thermal protection of the final PHRS absorber of a reactor plant with VVER-1000 // News of SevNTU. Sevastopol. View of SevNTU. 2009. No. 97. With. 69-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кордон М.Я., Симакин В.И., Горешник И.Д. Теплотехника. Учебное пос. Пенза, 2005. 167 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kordon M.Ya., Simakin V.I., Goreshnik I.D. Heat engineering. Educational village Penza, 2005. 167 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Справочное пособие к СНиП 23-01-99 «Строительная климатология». НИИ строительной физики РААСН. Москва, 2006. 261 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reference manual for SNiP 23-01-99 “Construction climatology”. Research Institute of Construction Physics RAASN. Moscow, 2006. 261 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Открытое акционерное общество «Администратор торговой системы оптового рынка электроэнергии» https://www.atsenergo.ru (дата обращения 25. 05. 2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Open joint-stock company “Administrator of the trading system of the wholesale electricity market” https://www.atsenergo.ru (date of the application 25. 05. 2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Прогноз долгосрочного социально-экономического развития Российской Федерации на период до 2030 года http://economy.gov.ru/minec/activity/sections/macro/prognoz/doc20130325_06 (дата обращения 25. 05. 2023).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Forecast of long-term socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2030 http://economy.gov.ru/minec/activity/sections/macro/prognoz/doc20130325_06 (date of the application 25. 05. 2023).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Egorov A.N., Shaituro M.I., Moskalenko A.B. Current state and development trends of hydrogen technologies // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2023. 1154. 012038.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Egorov A.N., Shaituro M.I., Moskalenko A.B. Current state and development trends of hydrogen technologies // IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2023. 1154. 012038.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aminov R.Z., Bairamov A.N., Garievskii M.V. Assessment of the performance of a nuclear-hydrogen power generation system // Thermal Engineering. 2019. V. 66. I. 3. pp. 196-209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminov R.Z., Bairamov A.N., Garievskii M.V. Assessment of the performance of a nuclear-hydrogen power generation system // Thermal Engineering. 2019. V. 66. I. 3. pp. 196-209.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stewart W.R., Shirvan K. Capital cost estimation for advanced nuclear power plants // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2022. V. 155. 111880.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stewart W.R., Shirvan K. Capital cost estimation for advanced nuclear power plants // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2022. V. 155. 111880.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Байрамов А.Н. Разработка научных основ повышения эффективности АЭС при комбинировании с водородным комплексом. Саратов: СГТУ им. Гагарина Ю.А., 2022. 397 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bayramov A.N. Development of the scientific basis for increasing the efficiency of nuclear power plants when combined with a hydrogen complex. Saratov: SSTU im. Gagarina Yu.A., 2022. 397 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тахтамышев А.Г. Примеры расчета стальных конструкций. М.: Стройиздат, 1978. 239 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Takhtamyshev A.G. Examples of calculations of steel structures. M.: Stroyizdat, 1978. 239 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аминов Р.З., Байрамов А.Н. Оценка удельных капиталовложений в цилиндрические емкости для хранения газообразного водорода // Известия Высших учебных заведений. Проблемы энергетики. 2007. №5-6. С.69-77.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aminov R.Z., Bayramov A.N. Assessment of specific investments in cylindrical containers for storing hydrogen gas // News of Higher Educational Institutions. Energy problems. 2007. No. 5-6. P.69-77.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Столяревский А.Я. Хемотермические циклы и установки аккумулирования энергии // Альтернативная энергетика и экология. 2005. № 3 (23). С.45-58.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stolyarevsky A.Ya. Chemothermal cycles and energy storage units // Alternative energy and ecology. 2005. No. 3 (23). P. 45-58.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Текущий ремонт газотурбинных установок ГТУ ст.№ 6-9 СП «Майская ГРЭС». Центр электронных торгов. www.b2b-center.ru. (дата обращения 25. 05. 2023)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Current repairs of gas turbine units of gas turbine units No. 6-9 of the Mayskaya GRES JV. Electronic trading center. www.b2b-center.ru. date of the application 25. 05. 2023)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grigoriev S. A. [et al.] Current status, research trends, and challenges in water electrolysis science and technology // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020. V. 45. I. 49. pp. 26036-26058.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grigoriev S. A. [et al.] Current status, research trends, and challenges in water electrolysis science and technology // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020. V. 45. I. 49. pp. 26036-26058.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao G. [et al.] Life cycle assessment of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O electrolysis technologies // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020. V. 45. I. 43. pp. 23765-23781.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao G. [et al.] Life cycle assessment of H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O electrolysis technologies // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020. V. 45. I. 43. pp. 23765-23781.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fragiacomo P., Genovese M. Developing a mathematical tool for hydrogen production, compression and storage // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020. V. 45. I. 35. pp. 17685-17701.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fragiacomo P., Genovese M. Developing a mathematical tool for hydrogen production, compression and storage // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020. V. 45. I. 35. pp. 17685-17701.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu P. Enhancing hydrogen storage performance via optimizing Y and Ni element in magnesium alloy // Journal of Magnesium and Alloys. 2022. V. 10. I. 3. pp. 821-835.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu P. Enhancing hydrogen storage performance via optimizing Y and Ni element in magnesium alloy // Journal of Magnesium and Alloys. 2022. V. 10. I. 3. pp. 821-835.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elberry A.M. Large-scale compressed hydrogen storage as part of renewable electricity storage systems // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021. V. 46. I. 29. pp. 15671-15690.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elberry A.M. Large-scale compressed hydrogen storage as part of renewable electricity storage systems // International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2021. V. 46. I. 29. pp. 15671-15690.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
