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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">alternative</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-8298</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15518/isjaee.2022.03.021-038</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">alternative-2626</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>I. ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА. 8. Энергокомплексы на основе ВИЭ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>I. RENEWABLE ENERGY. 8. Energy of biomass</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обзор влияния распределенной генерации на электроэнергетическую систему</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A review on distributed generation impacts on electric power system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уфа</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ufa</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Уфа Руслан Александрович, кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент отделения электроэнергетики и электротехники, Инженерная школа энергетики</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 30 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ufa Ruslan Aleksandrovich, PhD in Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Electric Power Engineering and Electrical Engineering, School of Energy &amp; Power Engineering</p><p>Lenina avenue, 30, 634050, Tomsk </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hecn@tpu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малькова</surname><given-names>Я. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkova</surname><given-names>Y. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малькова Яна Юрьевна, ассистент отделения электроэнергетики и электротехники, Инженерная школа энергетики</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 30 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malkova Yana Yurevna, Assistant, Department of Electric Power Engineering and Electrical Engineering, School of Energy &amp; Power Engineering</p><p>Lenina avenue, 30, 634050, Tomsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рудник</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudnik</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рудник Владимир Евгеньевич, кандидат технических наук, ассистент отделения электроэнергетики и электротехники, Инженерная школа энергетики</p><p>634050, Томск, пр. Ленина, 30 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rudnik Vladimir Evgenevich, PhD in Technical Sciences, Assistant, Department of Electric Power Engineering and Electrical Engineering, School of Energy &amp; Power Engineering</p><p>Lenina avenue, 30, 634050, Tomsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Томский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tomsk Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2626">https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2626</self-uri><abstract><p>В 2020 году суммарная установленная мощность объектов генерации на основе возобновляемых источников энергии (без учета гидроэнергетических объектов) в мире составила около 1437 ГВт, из которых 651 ГВт — пришлось на ветровые электростанции, а 627 ГВт — на солнечные электростанции. Рост установленной мощности объектов распределенной генерации является своеобразным ответом на такие явления как: увеличение энергопотребления, глобальное потепление и ряд других экологических проблем. С технической точки зрения этому во многом способствует развитие технологий в области силовой полупроводниковой техники.Однако при масштабном внедрении объектов распределенной генерации на основе возобновляемых источников энергии традиционная электроэнергетическая система неизбежно сталкивается с новыми вызовами, связанными с обеспечением надежной и устойчивой работы энергосистемы в целом. В частности, распределенная генерация оказывает влияние на процессы, протекающие в энергосистеме, влияет на параметры режима работы энергосистемы и баланс генерируемой и потребляемой мощности, изменяет величину и направление перетоков мощности и токов короткого замыкания. Это, в свою очередь, обусловливает необходимость пересмотра уставок релейной защиты и автоматики традиционной электроэнергетической системы, а также согласования работы данного оборудования с системой автоматического управления объектов распределенной генерации.Среди ключевых научных направлений выделяют задачу по определению оптимального размера и размещения объекта распределенной генерации. Основная цель для проведения данной оптимизации заключается в снижении суммарных потерь мощности, а также в сокращении эксплуатационных и капитальных затрат, в повышении уровня напряжения в узлах схемы до допустимых значений нормированного диапазона. Кроме того, оптимальное размещение распределенной генерации позволяет осуществлять эффективное планирование режимов работы электроэнергетической системы в целом и электростанций в частности, особенно на основе возобновляемых источников энергии, режим работы которых во многом определяется суточными и сезонными погодными изменениями и может резко изменяться, в отсутствие обеспечения требуемых показателей электроснабжения конечных потребителей.В статье выполнен анализ влияния распределенной генерации на потери мощности, уровень напряжения, поддержание баланса мощности и частотное регулирование, а также на величину и направление токов короткого замыкания. Кроме того, осуществлено рассмотрение различных оптимизационных критериев, ограничительных условий и методов решения обозначенной выше оптимизационной задачи распределенной генерации. Данное исследование поможет системному оператору, электросетевым и инвестиционным компаниям нашей страны сформировать целевую функцию и ограничительные условия для выбора оптимального размещения объекта распределенной генерации, позволяющего обеспечить электроснабжение конечных потребителей при минимальных затратах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In 2020, the world's total installed capacity of generation units based on renewable energy sources (not including hydropower) amounted to about 1437 GW: over 651 GW and 627 GW of wind and solar power plants was installed respectively. The growing of the installed capacity of these distributed generators is a response to the increasing the power consumption, global environmental issues and has also become possible due to the development of technology in field of power semiconductor devices. However, on the way of large-scale implementation of distributed generators based on renewable energy sources, traditional electric power system meets new challenges to ensure the reliability and sustainability of new electric power systems with renewable energy sources. In particular, distributed generators change processes in the electric power system, impact to the parameters and power balance, change the magnitude and direction of power flow and short-circuit current, which determines the need to update the settings of the relay protection and automation systems of traditional electric power system and to coordinate their operation with automatic control systems of installed distributed generators. The above mentioned tasks form a number of scientific research directions, one of which is a task of determining optimal size and location of distributed generators. The main purpose of this optimization task is to reduce power losses, operating and total electricity cost, improve the voltage profile, etc. In addition, the correct and reasonable placement of distributed generators defines an effective planning of the operating modes of electric power system and power plants (especially based on renewable energy sources, the operating modes of which depend on weather conditions and can be sharply variable). The paper highlighted the impacts of distributed generators on power losses, the voltage level, maintaining the power balance and the possibility of participating in the frequency regulation, and short circuit current in power system. The optimization criteria, the main limiting conditions, as well as methods for solving this optimization problem are considered. This review will help the System operators and investing companies, especially in Russia, to form the main aim, objective function and constraints that will aid to meet their load demand at minimum cost choose from the options available for optimization of location and capacity of distributed generators.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>возобновляемые источники энергии</kwd><kwd>распределенная генерация</kwd><kwd>влияние</kwd><kwd>методы оптимизации</kwd><kwd>потери мощности</kwd><kwd>уровни напряжения узлов схемы</kwd><kwd>ток короткого замыкания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>renewable energy sources</kwd><kwd>distributed generator</kwd><kwd>impact</kwd><kwd>optimization methods</kwd><kwd>power losses</kwd><kwd>voltage profile</kwd><kwd>short-circuit current</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project number 21-79-00275 and by TPU development program.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International Energy Agency. 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