alternativeАльтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)1608-8298Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс10.15518/isjaee.2025.05.064-080alternative-2650Research ArticleII. НЕВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИКА. 9. Атомная энергетика. 9-1-0-0 Атомно-водородная энергетикаII. NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY. 9. Atomic energy. 9-1-0-0 Atomic-hydrogen energyСравнение условий экономической эффективности систем аккумулирования энергии на АЭС: аккумулятор фазового перехода и автономный водородный энергокомплексComparison of the economic conditions of energy storage systems efficiency at nuclear power plants: latent heat thermal energy storage and autonomous hydrogen energy complexhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3612-0579ЮринВ. Е.YurinV. E.

Юрин Валерий Евгеньевич, профессор кафедры: «Тепловая и атомная энергетика» имени Андрющенко А. И.; ведущий научный сотрудник, доктор технических наук

Scopus Author ID: 55802725400

Research ID: M-9073-2016

410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24

410054, г. Саратов, ул. Политехническая, 77

Yurin Valery Evgenievich, professor of the department: «Thermal and Nuclear Energy» named after A. I. Andryushchenko; leading researcher, Doctor of technical science

Scopus Author ID: 55802725400

Research ID: M-9073-2016

410028, Saratov, st. Rabochaya, 24

410054, Saratov, st. Politekhnicheskaya, 77

urin1990777@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0943-859XЕгоровА. Н.EgorovA. N.

Егоров Александр Николаевич, Отдел энергетических проблем СНЦ РАН, старший научный сотрудник, кандидат технических наук

Scopus Author ID: 56343107200

Research ID: B-7899-2015

410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24

Egorov Alexander Nikolaevich, Department of Energy Problems of SSC RAS, senior researcher, Candidate of technical science

Scopus Author ID: 56343107200

Research ID: B-7899-2015

410028, Saratov, st. Rabochaya, 24

https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0917-1285АношинД. М.AnoshinD. M.

Аношин Даниил Михайлович, Отдел энергетических проблем СНЦ РАН, младший научный сотрудник

Scopus Author ID: 58964393600

410028, г. Саратов, ул. Рабочая, д. 24

Anoshin Daniil Michailovich, Department of Energy Problems of SSC RAS, junior research fellow

Scopus Author ID: 58964393600

410028, Saratov, st. Rabochaya, 24

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Федеральный исследовательский центр «Саратовский научный центр РАН»; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Гагарина Ю. А.»РоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Research Center «Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences»; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Saratov State Technical University named after Yu. A. Gagarin»Russian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Федеральный исследовательский центр «Саратовский научный центр РАН»РоссияFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Research Center «Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences»Russian Federation202505082025056480Copyright © Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 20252025Международный издательский дом научной периодики "СпейсМеждународный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейсhttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2650

Увеличение доли атомных электростанций в энергосистемах, неравномерное потребление электрической энергии и активный ввод в энергетические системы мира возобновляемых источников с нестабильным режимом выработки электроэнергии вынуждают атомные станции работать в переменном режиме. При этом АЭС целесообразно эксплуатировать с максимальным коэффициентом использования установленной мощности по причине значительных капиталовложений в строительство станции при относительно низкой цене на ядерное топливо. В работе проведен сравнительный анализ разработанных ранее авторами систем аккумулирования энергии на АЭС: система аккумулирования тепловой энергии на основе фазового перехода специально выбранного материала и, как альтернатива тепловому аккумулятору фазового перехода, в работе исследован автономный водородный энергокомплекс, включающий в себя электролизное хозяйство для производства водорода и кислорода, хранилища газов, компрессорные установки, водород-кислородную камеру сгорания, а также бак горячей воды. Для исследуемых энергокомплексов были определены условия технические и системные, при которых достигается положительный экономический эффект, показаны граничные условия, при которых достигается окупаемость вложенных средств. Системы аккумулирования исследованы на примере установки на АЭС с ВВЭР-1200 совместно с дополнительной паровой турбиной, которая, как было доказано авторами ранее, может использоваться для электроснабжения собственных нужд станции при ее отключении от энергетической системы посредством использования мощности реактора или его остаточного тепловыделения. Таким образом, разработанные системы аккумулирования позволяют при определенных условиях получать дополнительную прибыль, окупая капиталовложения в себя, и обеспечивают дополнительное резервирование собственных нужд станции на случай отключения от энергосистемы.

The increase in the share of nuclear power plants in energy systems, uneven consumption of electric energy and active introduction of renewable sources with unstable power generation mode into the world energy systems force nuclear power plants to operate in an alternating mode. At the same time, it is advisable to operate NPPs with the maximum coefficient of use of the installed capacity due to significant capital investments in the construction of the plant at a relatively low price for nuclear fuel. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the energy accumulation systems at NPPs previously developed by the authors: a thermal energy accumulation system based on the phase transition of a specially selected material and, as an alternative to a phase transition heat accumulator, an autonomous hydrogen energy complex is studied in the paper, including an electrolysis system for the production of hydrogen and oxygen, gas storage facilities, compressor units, a hydrogen-oxygen combustion chamber, and a hot water tank. For the energy complexes under study, the technical and system conditions under which a positive economic effect is achieved are determined, the boundary conditions under which the payback of the invested funds is achieved are shown. The accumulation systems were studied using the example of an installation at a NPP with a WWER-1200 reactor together with an additional steam turbine, which, as was previously proven by the authors, can be used to supply the station’s own power needs when it is disconnected from the power system by using the reactor’s power or its residual heat. Thus, the developed accumulation systems allow, under certain conditions, to obtain additional profit, recouping the capital investment in themselves, and provide additional backup for the station’s own needs in the event of disconnection from the power system.

атомная электростанциятепловое аккумулированиеаккумулятор фазового переходаавтономный водородный энергокомплексэффективностьдополнительная паровая турбинаnuclear power plantthermal storagephase change accumulatorautonomous hydrogen energy complexefficiencyadditional steam turbineReferencesYurin V. E., Egorov A. N., Bashlykov D. O. Cooldown of a water-cooled reactor during the natural circulation mode using decay heat of the core and a low-power steam turbine // Nuclear Engineering and Design. – 2023. – V. 409. – P. 112364. DOI: 10.1016/j.nu-cengdes.2023.112364.Yurin V. E., Egorov A. N., Bashlykov D. O. Cooldown of a water-cooled reactor during the natural circulation mode using decay heat of the core and a low-power steam turbine // Nuclear Engineering and Design. – 2023. – V. 409. – P. 112364. DOI: 10.1016/j.nu-cengdes.2023.112364.Yurin V. E., Egorov A. N., Bashlykov D. O. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.