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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">alternative</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1608-8298</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15518/isjaee.2026.06.069-085</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">alternative-2829</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>IV. ВОДОРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА 12. Водородная экономика. 12-5-12-0 Новые способы получения водорода</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IV. HYDROGEN ECONOMY 12. Hydrogen economy. 12-5-12-0 Novel hydrogen production methods</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моделирование получения водорода в непрерывном процессе темновой ферментации предобработанного субстрата: эффект кратности подачи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling of hydrogen production in a continuous process of dark fermentation of a pretreated feedstock: effect of the feeding rate</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-3454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалев Андрей Александрович, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории биоэнергетических технологий, доктор технических наук</p><p>109428, Москва, 1-й Институтский проезд, 5</p><p>+79263477955</p><p>Researcher ID: F-7045-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57205285134 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andrey-Kovalev-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kovalev Andrey Alexandrovich, chief researcher of the laboratory of bioenergy technologies, doctor of technical sciences</p><p>109428, Moscow, 1-y Institutskiy proezd, 5</p><p>Researcher ID: F-7045-2017</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57205285134 <ext-link xlink:href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andrey-Kovalev-8" ext-link-type="uri">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Andrey-Kovalev-8</ext-link></p><p>+79263477955</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovalev_ana@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3603-3686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ковалев Дмитрий Александрович, заведующий лабораторией биоэнергетических технологий, кандидат технических наук</p><p>109428, Москва, 1-й Институтский проезд, 5</p><p>Researcher ID: K-4810-2015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kovalev Dmitry Alexandrovich, head of the laboratory of bioenergy and supercritical technologies, candidate of technical sciences</p><p>109428, Moscow, 1-y Institutskiy proezd, 5</p><p>Researcher ID: K-4810-2015</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафонов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safonov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сафонов Александр Владимирович, инженер лаборатории биоэнергетических технологий</p><p>109428, Москва, 1-й Институтский проезд, 5</p><p>Researcher ID: AAE-1039-2022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Safonov Aleksandr Vladimirovich, engineer of the laboratory of bioenergy and supercritical technologies</p><p>109428, Moscow, 1-y Institutskiy proezd, 5</p><p>Researcher ID: AAE-1039-2022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4689-843X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панченко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panchenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панченко Владимир Анатольевич, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории Федерального научного агроинженерного центра ВИМ</p><p>127994, Москва, ул. Образцова, д. 9</p><p>Researcher ID: P-8127-2017 Scopus Author ID: 57201922860 Web of Science Researcher ID: AAE-1758-2019</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Panchenko Vladimir Anatolyevich, candidate of technical sciences, associate professor of the Department, senior researcher of the Laboratory of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM</p><p>127994, Moscow, ul. Obraztsova, d. 9</p><p>Researcher ID: P-8127-2017 Scopus Author ID: 57201922860 Web of Science Researcher ID: AAE-1758-2019</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2511-7526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрочка</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurochka</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрочка Сергей Сергеевич, заведующий лабораторией цифрового мониторинга сельскохозяйственных животных, кандидат технических наук</p><p>109428, Москва, 1-й Институтский проезд, 5</p><p>Researcher ID: AAZ-6669-2020</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurochka Sergey Sergeevich, head of the laboratory of digital monitoring of agricultural animals</p><p>109428, Moscow, 1-y Institutskiy proezd, 5</p><p>Researcher ID: AAZ-6669-2020</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5525-0459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravleva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Журавлева Елена Александровна, мл. науч. сотр. лаборатории микробиологии антропогенных мест обитания, канд. биол. Наук</p><p>119071, Москва, Ленинский пр-т, дом 33, строение 2</p><p>Researcher ID: JBS-4297-2023</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57216346570</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhuravleva Elena Alexandrovna, junior researcher Laboratory of Microbiology of Anthropogenic Habitats, postgraduate. PhD</p><p>119071, Moscow, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, house 33, building 2</p><p>Researcher ID: JBS-4297-2023 Scopus Author ID: 57216346570</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8215-2814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лайкова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Laikova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лайкова Александра Алексеевна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологии антропогенных мест обитания, аспирант</p><p>119071, Москва, Ленинский пр-т, дом 33, строение 2</p><p>Researcher ID: IVU-7977-2023</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 58044317600</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laikova Alexandra Alekseevn, junior researcher in Laboratory of Microbiology of Anthropogenic Habitats, PhD student</p><p>119071, Moscow, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, house 33, building 2</p><p>Researcher ID: IVU-7977-2023 Scopus Author ID: 58044317600</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0031</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шехурдина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shekhurdina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шехурдина Светлана Витальевна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологии антропогенных мест обитания, аспирант</p><p>119071, Москва, Ленинский пр-т, дом 33, строение 2</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57564192200</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shekhurdina Svetlana Vitalievna, junior researcher of Laboratory of Microbiology of Anthropogenic Habitats, PhD student</p><p>119071, Moscow, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, house 33, building 2</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57564192200</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0931-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иваненко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иваненко Артем Александрович, инженер лаборатории микробиологии антропогенных мест обитания, бакалавр</p><p>119071, Москва, Ленинский пр-т, дом 33, строение 2</p><p>Researcher ID: JAX-4154-2023</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivanenko Artem Alexandrovich, engineer in Laboratory of Microbiology of Anthropogenic Habitats, bachelor</p><p>119071, Moscow, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, house 33, building 2</p><p>Researcher ID: JAX-4154-2023</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5457-4603</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литти</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litti</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Литти Юрий Владимирович, заведующий лабораторией микробиологии антропогенных мест обитания, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>119071, Москва, Ленинский пр-т, дом 33, строение 2</p><p>Researcher ID: C-4945-2014</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 55251689800</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Litti Yuri Vladimirovich, Head of Laboratory of Microbiology of Anthropogenic Habitats, Candidate of Biological Sciences</p><p>119071, Moscow, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, house 33, building 2</p><p>Researcher ID: C-4945-2014 Scopus Author ID: 55251689800</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет транспорта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Transport</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт микробиологии им. С. Н. Виноградского, Федеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Microbiology named after S. N. Vinogradsky, Federal Research Center «Fundamentals of Biotechnology» of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Международный издательский дом научной периодики "Спейс</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.isjaee.com/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2829">https://www.isjaee.com/jour/article/view/2829</self-uri><abstract><p>Для кинетического моделирования получения водорода при утилизации пищевых отходов, количество которых увеличивается с каждым годом, была разработана экспериментальная установка для темновой ферментации органических отходов. Данное исследование направлено на оценку влияния кратности подачи предобра ботанного в аппарате вихревого слоя (АВС) субстрата на кинетические и динамические параметры получения биоводорода в процессе темновой ферментации. Согласно полученным данным, кратность подачи предобработанного в АВС субстрата в реактор темновой ферментации имеет существенное влияние как на кинетику, так и на динамику образования биоводорода из органического вещества. При рассмотрении различных моделей (модифицированная Гомпертца, первого порядка, Коши, логистической и Феллера) для определения кинетических параметров было обнаружено, что наиболее точной моделью является модель Коши с коэффициентом детерминации более 0,997 во всем диапазоне рассматриваемых кратностей подачи. Увеличение кратности подачи (уменьшение промежутка времени между загрузками свежего субстрата) приводило к увеличению кинетических параметров более чем в 2 раза: так теоретически максимальный выход биоводорода увеличился в 2,03 раза, а константа гидролиза – в 2,35 раза при увеличении кратности в 3 раза (с однократной до трехкратной загрузки в сутки), в то время как лаг-фаза осталась практически неизменной (разница менее 5 %). Также увеличение кратности до 3 привело к уменьшению амплитуды объемного выхода биоводорода в 2,71 раза. При этом было обнаружено, что объемный выход биоводорода в течение промежутка времени между подачей свежего субстрата изменяется по модели, которую также можно описать тригонометрической функцией – косинусом, а абсцисса зависит от кратности загрузки, а именно – от продолжительности промежутка времени между подачей свежего субстрата, причем эта зависимость обратная. Коэффициент детерминации предложенной модели составил 0,891 для двадцатичетырехчасового промежутка времени между загрузками свежего субстрата со снижением до 0,6135 для восьмичасового, что требует дальнейших исследований, в том числе с использованием искусственного интеллекта для более точного предсказания кинетических и динамических параметров получения биоводорода в процессе темновой ферментации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>To kinetically model hydrogen production from the recycling of food waste, the volume of which increases annually, an experimental setup for dark fermentation of organic waste was developed. This study aimed to assess the effect of the feeding rate of pretreated substrate in a vortex layer apparatus (VLA) on the kinetic and dynamic parameters of biohydrogen production during dark fermentation. According to the data obtained, the feeding rate of pretreated substrate in a VLA to the dark fermentation reactor significantly influences both the kinetics and dynamics of biohydrogen formation from organic matter. When considering various models (modified Gompertz, first-order, Cauchy, logistic, and Feller) to determine the kinetic parameters, the most accurate model was found to be the Cauchy model, with a determination coefficient more than 0.997 across the entire range of feeding rates. Increasing the feeding rate (reducing the time interval between feedstock loading) resulted in a more than twofold increase in kinetic parameters: theoretically maximum biohydrogen yield increased by 2.03 times, and the hydrolysis constant by 2.35 times with a threefold increase in the feeding rate (from single to three times per day), while the lag phase remained virtually unchanged (the difference was less than 5 %). Increasing the feeding rate to 3 also resulted in a 2.71-fold decrease in the amplitude of the biohydrogen production rate. Furthermore, it was found that the biohydrogen production rate during the time interval between feedstock loading varies according to a model that can also be described by a trigonometric function – the cosine. The abscissa depends on the feeding rate, namely, on the duration of the time interval between feedstock loading, and this relationship is inverse. The coefficient of determination of the proposed model was 0.891 for a twentyfourhour period between feedstock loadings, decreasing to 0.6135 for an eight-hour period, which requires further research, including the use of artificial intelligence, for a more accurate prediction of the kinetic and dynamic parameters of biohydrogen production in the dark fermentation process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кинетическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>анаэробная биоконверсия</kwd><kwd>биоводород</kwd><kwd>темновая ферментация</kwd><kwd>кратность подачи субстрата</kwd><kwd>аппарат вихревого слоя</kwd><kwd>предобработка</kwd><kwd>пищевые отходы</kwd><kwd>математические модели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kinetic modeling</kwd><kwd>anaerobic bioconversion</kwd><kwd>biohydrogen</kwd><kwd>dark fermentation</kwd><kwd>substrate feed rate</kwd><kwd>vortex layer apparatus</kwd><kwd>pretreatment</kwd><kwd>food waste</kwd><kwd>mathematical models</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства образования и науки России FGUN-2025-0004.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">. 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