THE PROPERTIES OF MOTHER LIQUORS OF THE WATER-SOLUBLE SALTS PRODUCTION BY CONVERSION METHOD

The paper deals with the conversion method which leads to the formation of mother liquors as by-products. In some cases, they can be used as commodity products after pre-revision. However, optimization of physical and chemical, and the functional properties of the liquid mixes by empirical way can appear long and inefficient process. The paper employs the physical and chemical analysis of homogeneous systems and a method of mathematical planning of experiment that allows optimizing the liquid mixes both on composition, and on some set functional properties. The paper notes the conversion method of production of potassium nitrate from calcium nitrate and potassium chloride is covered by a number of patents, however, it is not realized in industrial scale so far. The reason for this may be a problem of further use of the mother liquors containing calcium and potassium chlorides and nitrates. In the majority of patents, there are no data on the production of calcium chloride from the mother liquor that testifies to a number of the difficulties connected to crystallization of this salt. The mother liquors of potassium nitrate production can be used as an anti-icing reagent, a coolant, the heat-carrier in power systems, a mineral fertilizer and the heavy liquids in a petroleum industry. However, in each specific case, the certain revision of their composition is required in order to achieve the necessary physical and chemical, and functional properties. The paper analyzes the possibility for using the mother solution in the potassium nitrate production as heavy liquids in the oil industry. Moreover, the paper studies the cuts of the systems CaCl₂ – Ca(NO₃)₂ – М – H₂O where М is the mother solution after the crystallization of potassium nitrate. The density and temperature of the solution freezing are identified in the homogeneous areas of the cuts. It is shown a fundamental possibility for improving the operating characteristics of the mother solutions with the introduction of additional amounts of calcium salts.

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