APPLICATION OF ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGY IN THE SHIP ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

The article analyzes the properties and characteristics of the different types of shaft generator installations on ships with a propeller of both regulated and fixed pitch, and on this basis proposes the technical solutions for their modernization. The main attention is paid to the implementation of the engine mode of the shaft generator to ensure emergency operation of the ship. As a shaft generator it is proposed to use a synchronized asynchronous machine with direct and quadrature excitation. The engine mode of the shaft generator is realized by transferring the synchronized asynchronous machine to the mode of an asynchronous motor with a phase rotor, which allows, under appropriate control, to obtain optimum starting characteristics, namely the minimum starting current at the maximum initial starting moment. The properties of a synchronized asynchronous machine with direct and quadrature excitation for efficient damping of oscillations are suggested to be used in the generator mode of the shaft-generator installation. In order to fully take advantage of the direct and quadrature excitation capabilities of this machine, it is proposed to increase the air gap and the magnetomotive force of the rotor winding. At the same time, an increase in the air gap of the machine will positively affect the reliability of the plant. Two technical solutions for the modernization of the shaft-generator plants were noted to be developed. The firstbase machine, which uses an asynchronous machine with a phase rotor, has a standard design. It is a simple and easily implemented solution. However, this solution has limited possibilities for damping the oscillations. The second one is a base machine also made with an increased air gap and an increased value of the magnetomotive force of the rotor. It has the properties of a synchronized asynchronous machine with direct and quadrature excitation in full. Finally, the article draws attention to the possibility of resonance phenomena appearing in the shaft generator installations, which must be prevented in order to avoid dangerous consequences. This task, as shown in the article, can be effectively solved by using a synchronized asynchronous machine with direct and quadrature excitation in the shaft-plant installation.

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