COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOLAR MODULES OPERATION IN THE ARCTIC CLIMATE OF RUSSIA AND CANADA

The paper makes a comparison and reveals the common and distinctive features in the energy supply of the two major Arctic powers–Russia and Canada. The paper analyzes the problem of reliable power supply to remote consumers of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and Canada's Arctic territories with their consumers in the form of communities and mining enterprises. The existing energy supply for the Arctic consumers has been considered and the main problems associated with this situation have been revealed. Regions with centralized and decentralized energy supply are identified. It was found that in most remote settlements, the only reliable source of electricity today is diesel power plants (and hydroelectric power plants in Canada). The negative factors of this way of energy supply are air and noise pollution of surrounding areas, fire hazard, high fuel consumption as well as the probability of spilling diesel fuel during its transportation. These factors are mainly due to the fact that in the Arctic zone either outdated or end-of-life equipment is used. One of the solutions to the problem of reliable electricity supply can be the use of renewable energy sources, in particular solar energy because the one is the most promising, widely distributed and clean source of energy. The paper describes the experience of operating solar modules in the Arctic part of Russia and Canada and gives the most reliable power supply scheme for these territories. The paper analyzes the factors affecting the generation of electricity from solar modules. The main conclusions are drawn on the problem of the operation of solar modules in a wide range of characteristics and the need for adaptation of the modules to the conditions of the Arctic climate.

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