НЕРАВНОВЕСНАЯ ПОРОЭЛЕКТРОЭЛАСТИЧНАЯ ТЕОРИЯ ПОЛИМЕРНОГО ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗА ВОДЫ

Представлена неравновесная пороэлектроэластичная теория полимерного электролита в условиях электролиза воды с целью дальнейшего теоретического описания процессов массопереноса в слоях мембранно-электродного блока. Проведен обзор и анализ моделей электрохимических и массообменных процессов в электролизерах, изучены проблемы физико-химического описания этих моделей. Сделан вывод о необходимости использования моделей сорбции воды и свеллинга полимерного электролита (здесь и далее вместо термина «набухание» применительно к мембране употребляется более близкий по смыслу термин «свеллинг», от англ. swelling). Проанализированы модели сорбции воды и свеллинга полимерного электролита. В результате сделан вывод о том, что существующая пороэлектроэластичная теория после модификации является наиболее пригодной для применения в неравновесных условиях в процессе электролиза. Рассмотрено базовое уравнение баланса давлений классической равновесной пороэлектроэластичной теории для полимерного электролита. Проведена модификация данной теории с целью дальнейшего моделирования процессов массообмена. На основе экспериментальных данных, доступных в открытых источниках, проанализированы свойства и особенности упругих сил в полимерном электролите, затем уточнены зависимости упругих сил в полимерном электролите от свеллинга и температуры. С учетом существующих экспериментальных данных по проницаемости газов в полимерном электролите и характера свеллинга полимерного электролита при контакте с жидкой водой получены параметры неравновесной пороэлектроэластичной теории применительно к условиям электролиза воды.

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