New Type of Stacked Supercapacitors

The article deals with the research and development of electrochemical energy accumulators of stacked supercapacitors of a new generation with enhanced energy characteristics.

On the basis of the theoretical and experimental research carried out at the Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences over the past ten years, prototypes of stacked supercapacitors have been developed with main features the use of non-toxic organic electrolyte based on ionic liquid, and a new technology for manufacturing electrodes of a supercapacitor based on double-sided composite carbon ribbon.

According to the technology we have manufactured supercapacitor 41SK consisting of 40 double-sided and twosided electrodes with a nominal 90.2V and maximum 102.5V voltage, and supercapacitor 2x50SK consisting of two parallel-connected packages of 50 elementary supercapacitors (each package has 49 bilateral and two one-way electrodes) with a nominal 110V and maximum 125 V voltage.

Experimental studies of prototypes show that voltammograms have a typical rectangular shape with a clearly defined double-layer region which indicates a uniform charge distribution and the absence of the contribution of pseudo-capacitive processes in the voltage range under study; charge/discharge dependences have a pronounced sawtooth shape which indicates a uniform charging and discharging of the electrical double layer.

A comparison of the characteristics of serial samples of stacked supercapacitors with an aqueous electrolyte and prototypes of stacked supercapacitors with an organic electrolyte based on 1Me3BuImBF4 ionic liquid shows that specific energy of new type stacked supercapacitors is more than 10 times higher than that of supercapacitors of existing type with aqueous electrolyte; specific power of the stacked supercapacitors of new type is 2-3 times higher than that of the with an aqueous electrolyte.

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