Spatial Analysis of Resource Potential for Optimal Bioenergy Objects Placement

Despite the dominance of hydrocarbon fuel in the fuel and energy complex of the world and particularly in Russia, there is a research interest in the field of biofuels from various types of biomass. These works are relevant both from the point of view of obtaining fundamental knowledge and the development of technologies, as well as the search for conditions for cost-effective production of biofuels using various biomass processing technologies. In the article, microalgae are considered as a source of biomass for producing fuel.

Nowadays a number of methods for the conversion of microalgae to biofuels (biodiesel, bioethanol, biobutanol, bio-oil, biochar, biomethane, biohydrogen, etc.) have been developed and tested. One of the problems of these technologies is the high humidity of the microalgae biomass, which requires a significant expenditure of energy for drying before processing the biomass into fuel. In addition, in the case of the production of biofuels (for example, biodiesel) only the lipid part of the biomass is converted, while the remaining raw materials, including proteins and carbohydrates, are not involved in the production of biofuels. Due to this fact, in recent years, the technology of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) has been applied to microalgae, which does not require drying of biomass, and, therefore, provides lower production costs.

In order to increase the economic attractiveness of biofuels, great importance is given for obtaining associated target products that provide additional profit. For the same purposes, they conduct a territorial analysis and search for sites for production facilities, where the cultivation and processing of microalgae requires minimal costs. In this work, we have analyzed the influence of regional, climatic and infrastructural factors on the production and integrated use of microalgae biomass. The microalgae Arthrospira platensis and Dunaliella salina are chosen as the object of research, and the Republic of Dagestan is chosen as the research region due to favourable climatic conditions and the availability of resources for the cultivation of microalgae (sea water as a source of macro- and microelements, geothermal deposits as a low-temperature heat source, cement plants and thermal power plants as a source of CO2). As a result the article presents a map of the areas that are potentially suitable for the production of biofuel and associated target products from microalgae and their estimated productivity.

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