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The energy efficient method to produce potable water using the rotary cylinder solar still
https://doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2020.09.001
Abstract
In dry climate regions, the conversion of contaminated water into drinking water using solar distillation technology is one of the most widely used methods. The traditional solar distiller (CSS) is a tank with salty sea or contaminated fresh water placed in an airtight transparent chamber, where water is heated and evaporated due to the solar radiation penetrating inside. By evaporating, the water condenses on the inside of the transparent lid that covers the tank. The purified condensate, draining through the lid enters the prefabricated canal and then enters the catchment pot located at the bottom of the distiller. Despite the simplicity of the design, the performance of such distillers is extremely small.
This study provides experimental results for two types of solar distillers, the traditional solar distillation of CSS and a modified solar distillation system integrated with a rotating cylinder powered by a microdrive powered by a photovoltaic panel- MSS.
Preliminary studies have shown that the less thick the water layer, the faster it heats and evaporates. The new design includes a hollow cylinder rotating in the solar distiller's chamber, which, through capillary forces, captures water from the tank in the form of a film less than 1 mm thick.
The thin film of water evaporates in a matter of seconds. Thus, the area and the rate of evaporation increase radically.
The results of the experimental study showed that even in the Conditions of the Ural Climate Zone, the production of fresh water in a system with a rotating hollow cylinder on a summer day increased from 0.87 liters/m2 to 2.22 l/m2, i.e. by 155% compared to the traditional solar still distiller- CSS. Despite some complication and cost of MSS construction, the cost of producing 1 liter of fresh water for CSS and MSS is 0.059 and 0.054 dollars, respectively.
Keywords
drinking water,
solar energy,
distillation,
efficiency,
photovoltaics,
rotating hollow cylinder,
specific cost
Supporting agencies: The article was prepared with the financial support of the Government of the Russian Federation (Contract №02.А03.21.0006).
About the Authors
Naseer T. Alwan
Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin; Kirkuk Technical College, Northern Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Naseer Tawfeeq Alwan - PhD Candidate at Ural Federal University, Department of Nuclear Power Plants and Renewable Energy Sources
19 Mira St., Yekaterinburg 620002
36001 Kirkuk, Iraq
tel.: +79122713619
S. E. Shcheklein
Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Sergey E. Shcheklein - Doctor of technical science, professor, Urals Federal University, head of Atomic Stations and Renewable Energy Sources Department
19 Mira St., Yekaterinburg 620002
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Review
For citations:
Alwan N.T., Shcheklein S.E. The energy efficient method to produce potable water using the rotary cylinder solar still. Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE). 2020;(25-27):12-20. https://doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2020.09.001
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