Характеристики процесса получения биоводорода из простых и комплексных субстратов с разным биополимерным составом

В работе исследовали характеристики процесса темновой ферментации (ТФ) ряда простых (крахмал, подсолнечное масло, пептон и их смесь) и комплексных (корм для собак, комбикорм для свиней, осадок сточных вод (ОСВ)) субстратов с использованием смешанной культуры, контроля рН (5.5), при 55оС. Пептон и подсолнечное масло характеризовались минимальной продукцией H₂, составившей, соответственно, 5.0 и 2.3 мл H₂/г ХПК. Удельный выход водорода в расчете на разложенный крахмал составил 1.55 моль Н₂/моль. Добавление пептона и подсолнечного масла к крахмалу снижало удельный выход водорода из крахмала на 23%. Значительное отличие в продукции водорода наблюдалось при ТФ комплексных отходов. Удельный выход водорода из корма для собак составил 46.5 мл Н₂/г ХПК или 143.4 мл Н₂/г углеводов, из комбикорма для свиней – 32.1 мл Н₂/г ХПК или 91.6 мл Н₂/г углеводов, а из ОСВ – 9.3 мл Н₂/г ХПК или 98.0 мл Н₂/г углеводов. Возможные взаимосвязи между биополимерным составом субстратов и характеристиками процесса ТФ были проанализированы с применением коэффициентов ранговой корреляции Спирмена. Концентрация углеводов, а также соотношение углеводы/белки и углеводы/жиры были основными факторами, влияющими на высокий удельный выход Н₂, его содержание в биогазе, а также соотношение Н₂/растворимые метаболиты. Концентрация белков оказывала статистически значимое положительное влияние на накопление ацетата и сукцината, а углеводов – на накопление капроната.

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