Method and methods for determining shapes and sizes of solar dryer elements

Food security has been an issue for humanity for a long period of time due to seasonal weather conditions and crop yields. Post-harvest losses, seasonal food and agricultural shortages, and global warming are driving forces around the world in developing sustainable solutions. One of the common methods for preserving food and agricultural products is dehydration that is, removing moisture to extend the life of the product, such as fruits and vegetables, etc.

This article proposes an identified method for choosing the shape of a direct-type solar dryer; the shape of a parallelepiped with non-isosceles triangular bases has been selected. The working surfaces, from which solar radiation comes on the surface of the material to be dried, are inclined with respect to the horizon by 38 and 52 degrees, respectively, to the northern latitude of the region.

Concepts were selected, on the basis of which a computational computational method was developed and the geometric dimensions of the elements of a direct type dryer were determined. The formula for the ratio of the dimensions of the height to the length and, accordingly, to the width of the dryer has been established, and a method for determining the dimensions of the flaps has been developed, designed for the flow of air from the environment into the chamber and for the exit of the vapor-air mixture from the inside of the chamber of the dryer into the environment. Such methods of choosing the sizes of the elements of the dryer create an optimal mode of their operation, and also create a natural convection circulation of air inside its chamber.

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