Use of hydrogen in the fuel cycle of air storage power plants

The development of large energy systems based on renewable energy sources is accompanied by an increase in the input capacity of large network drives. Taking into account the vector for decarbonization and maneuverability, the use of hydrogen as fuel in the cycle of a diabetic air-accumulating electric power plant is a promising scientific and technical direction. The task of complex optimization of the structure and parameters of the CAES for various regions of the Russian Federation should be solved taking into account the following factors: external (required adjustment range in the power system; the prevailing economic performance of the OREM; infrastructural and environmental restrictions for the operation of diabatic CAES on natural gas), internal (capital costs for mass-produced Russian equipment, physical restrictions on installation sites and the volume of air storage). At the same time, the technical potential of the CAES, unlike many other storage devices, is not limited to generating only electric energy, because due to the physical features of the compression and expansion processes, it is possible to create a cogeneration or trigeneration plant to produce both heat and cold. The problem of forecasting the shortage of electricity and maneuverable capacities in the regions of the country should be considered in the context of several vulnerabilities: limitation of flows between power systems, lack of the required number of maneuverable capacities to ensure the adjustment range (excess of basic power at nuclear power plants and thermal power plants), decommissioning of physically outdated generating equipment, impossibility timely qualified repair and replacement of high-capacity foreign generating equipment, active introduction of renewable energy sources. Based on the analysis of the vulnerabilities of the UES of Russia, it was found that the greatest potential for the development of maneuverable generation and large storage facilities is available in the UES of the Center and the UES of the South. The key control influences that determine the configuration of the CAES in terms of capital and operating costs are: the marginal profit of the CCPP-CAES and GRES-CAES power units in flight and winter modes, the energy efficiency of the CAES thermal scheme (loading compressors and turbines in the field of high efficiency, the use of thermal energy regeneration, etc.), as well as availability of standard Russian-made equipment. Only a balanced combination of all three control actions can increase the attractiveness of both large energy storage facilities in general and CAES, in particular, for conducting electrical modes of a unified Power System. For the conditions of the UES of the South and the UES of the Center, taking into account the availability of natural gas and the typical values of the installed capacity of power units, it is advisable to introduce a diabatic hydroelectric power plant with electric power at discharge of 100-200 MW to maintain peak conditions with a total duration of 3-6 hours per day. This paper analyzes the key performance indicators of an air-storage power plant in the presence and absence of thermal energy regeneration within the cycle. The prospects for the use of a methane-hydrogen mixture in gas turbines have been further assessed. The paper concludes with a calculation of the methane plasma pyrolysis process as one of the possible ways to produce hydrogen for energy purposes.

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