Исследование алгоритмов распределения реактивной мощности для оптимизации потерь мощности на гидроэлектростанциях

Проблема распределения нагрузки между гидроагрегатами гидроэлектростанций (ГЭС) является актуальной задачей из-за нелинейности характеристик гидротурбины и индивидуальных особенностей энергоблоков, условия эксплуатации которых зачастую различны. Необходимо брать во внимание самые передовые методы оптимизации, учитывающие нелинейность характеристики турбины. Методы также должны учитывать строгие ограничения на условия эксплуатации энергетического оборудования при поиске экстремума целевой функции, указанной в форме равенств и неравенств. При решении вышеупомянутой задачи оптимизации накладываются ограничения на вычислительные мощности автоматизированных систем управления технологическим процессом (АСУ ТП), которые должны работать в режиме реального времени. Для решения задачи оптимизации был проанализирован метод внутренней точки, а метод множителей Лагранжа был модифицирован так, чтобы он мог минимизировать расход турбины и потери активной энергии в обмотках электрогенераторов и трансформаторов. В статье представлены результаты моделирования разработанных алгоритмов оптимизации и результаты натурных испытаний системы автоматического управления выработкой, использующей описанные алгоритмы. Все проведенные испытания показали достаточно высокую эффективность предложенных методов оптимизации в условиях реальной эксплуатации.

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