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Переработка отходов возобновляемой энергетики
https://doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2024.05.068-092
Аннотация
К 2050 году в мире будет накоплено до 60-70 млн тонн отслуживших фотоэлектрических модулей (ФЭМ), 43,4 млн тонн лопастей ВЭУ и до 1 млн тонн литиевых аккумуляторов. Существующие технологии и производственные мощности не способны переработать данные объемы, поскольку готовность большинства используемых технологий оценивается как TRL3 – TRL8 и их экономическая эффективность ниже уровня рентабельности. Целью данной работы является обоснование необходимости и расчет величины государственной поддержки для развития технологий переработки отходов ВИЭ. Определено, что величина экономических потерь, при отсутствии переработки, к 2050 году составит до 215 млрд долл., в том числе по регионам-лидерам ВИЭ: в Китае 81 млрд долл., в ЕС 42 млрд долл., в США 26 млрд долл. Показано региональное распределение объема отходов с группировкой по уровню цен на электроэнергию: 30% отходов в странах с наивысшими тарифами на энергию, преимущественно в Европе, 20% в регионах со средней ценой, включая всю Северную Америку, 50% в регионах с минимальной ценой – большинство стран Азии. Получена динамика прироста количества патентов по выбранным МПК за период 2000-2024, определены страны-лидеры. Показано, что эффект от господдержки переработки будет получен в двух отраслях: во-первых, сформируется экономически эффективная отрасль переработки отходов ВИЭ, во-вторых, увеличится доступность дефицитных материалов для производителей ВИЭ.
Об авторах
О. В. Жданеев
Высшая нефтяная школа ФГБОУ ВО «Югорский государственный университет»;
Кафедра стратегического предпринимательства и инноваций ФГБОУ ВО «Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации»;
ФГБУН Институт нефтехимического синтеза им. А. В. Топчиева Российской академии наук
Россия
Россия
Жданеев Олег Валерьевич - ведущий научный сотрудник, Профессор высшей нефтяной школы, доктор технических наук
628011, Российская Федерация, г. Ханты-Мансийск, ул. Чехова, 16
119571, г. Москва, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ Тропарево-Никулино, проспект Вернадского, д. 82, стр. 1
119991, ГСП-1, Москва, Ленинский проспект, 29
Т. В. Алешкевич
АО «Центр эксплуатационных услуг»
Россия
Россия
Алешкевич Татьяна Владимировна - руководитель проекта
121099, Москва, Новинский бульвар, 13/4
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Жданеев О.В., Алешкевич Т.В. Переработка отходов возобновляемой энергетики. Альтернативная энергетика и экология (ISJAEE). 2024;(5):68-92. https://doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2024.05.068-092
For citation:
Zhdaneev O.V., Aleshkevich T.V. Renewable energy waste recycling. Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE). 2024;(5):68-92. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15518/isjaee.2024.05.068-092
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