Получение энергии из биогаза, обогащенного водородом, на мини-ТЭС малой мощности

В работе представлены результаты исследования возможности использования биогаза, обогащенного водородом, на паротурбинной мини-ТЭС мощностью 1 МВт, в которой был организован процесс аккумулирования тепловой энергии. Двухстадийная биологическая конверсия органических отходов была рассмотрена в технологической схеме как основа получения биоводорода и биогаза. Пять составов газообразного топлива было проанализировано в этой работе. Содержание биоводорода варьировали с шагом от 15% до 45%. При генерировании пара применялся котел производительностью 25 т/ч, его расчет являлся ключевым в блоке получения энергии. Для быстрой переработки отходов с минимальным временем гидравлического удержания наиболее эффективно использование газа с содержанием водорода до 15%. Ежедневная переработка отходов составит при этом от 349,87 до 362,21 тонн, а избыток технического водорода чистоты 99,99% можно будет реализовать в баллонах. Количество органических удобрений, получаемое на мини-ТЭС, будет составлять не менее 241 т/сут. КПД парового котла будет равен 95%. Полученный пар направляется в паровую турбину мощностью 1 МВт для производства электроэнергии. Хотя наименьшее количество дымовых газов образуется при сжигании в паровом котле топлива с содержанием водорода 45%, это технологически невозможно реализовать в рассматриваемой схеме, т. к. имеется дефицит H₂. Следует отметить, что расход топлива в паровом котле растет по мере увеличения доли водорода. На основании всестороннего анализа можно утверждать, что для проектирования паротурбинной мини-ТЭС на водороде недостаточно стандартных методик и необходимо проведение дополнительных исследований.

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