The study of the laws of convective heat transfer to optimize hydrogen production processes from carbohydrates

This study explores the principles of convective heat transfer under supercritical pressure to optimize hydrogen production through thermocatalytic and thermochemical decomposition of hydrocarbons. Experimental investigations using n-heptane, toluene, and benzene have identified key mechanisms that enhance heat transfer, which are crucial for improving hydrogen generation efficiency.

Results indicate that at high heat flux density and reactor wall temperatures, the laminar boundary layer breaks down, leading to the active release of gaseous hydrogen, accompanied by a sharp increase in the heat transfer coefficient. Thermocatalytic decomposition of hydrocarbons is a fundamental process in modern hydrogen energy, allowing CO₂ – free hydrogen production.

During decomposition, hydrocarbon molecules undergo high-temperature exposure in the presence of catalysts, such as nickel and iron compounds, accelerating reactions and increasing hydrogen yield. This method is widely applied in hydrogen production, carbon material synthesis, fuel technology development, and petrochemical processing. Hydrogen derived through this process can be utilized in fuel cells and energy systems, reducing dependency on conventional energy sources.

These findings are critical for advancing industrial technologies with high energy efficiency, ensuring reliable hydrogen production and its integration into diverse industries.

Key Contributions of the Study: this article provides an in-depth analysis of convective heat transfer principles to refine hydrogen production methods. A thorough review of literature and contributions from notable scientists – T. N. Veziroglu, A. L. Gusev, S. V. Alekseenko, N. V. Chernyak, B. S. Petukhov, D. I. Slovetsky, N. A. Bulychev, among others – highlights advancements in hydrogen technologies and thermophysics.

Main Topics Discussed:

1. Fundamental principles of thermocatalytic hydrocarbon decomposition at high temperatures.
2. Experimental analysis of heat transfer in n-heptane, toluene, and benzene under supercritical conditions.
3. Commercialization strategies for hydrogen technologies, including global projects such as NEOM, NortH2, and HyNet.
4. Challenges in hydrogen transportation and storage, with a focus on infrastructure safety.
5. Catalysts used in hydrocarbon decomposition reactions and future development prospects.
6. International partnerships and collaborations, including Russian and Montenegrin research initiatives.

The study is supported by experimental data and graphs, demonstrating how supercritical parameters influence heat transfer efficiency and hydrogen release. Additionally, the paper clarifies methodologies for calculating heat transfer coefficients and evaluating measurement errors.

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34. A. L. Gusev, V. M. Belousov, I. V. Bacherikova, L. V. Lyashenko, E. V. Rozhkova. Hydrogen Sensor for Cryogenic vacuum objects / Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides. – Pp. 41-47, NATO Science Series. Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry. – Vol. 71. Springer, Dordrecht. Editors by M. D. Hampton, D. V. Schur, S. Yu. Zaginaichenko and V. I. Trefilov. – https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-010-0558-6_5.

35. Gusev A. L., Belousov V. M. Bacherikova I. V., Lyashenko L. V., Rozhkova E. V. Hydrogen sensor for cryogenic-vacuum objects. Collection of materials from the conference «Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides». ICHMS’99, 1999, p. 371.

36. Gusev A. L. Low-temperature regeneration of cryoadsorption devices in the thermal insulation cavity of a cryogenic tank. Issues of Atomic Science and Technology. Ser.: Vacuum, Pure Materials, Superconductors. – 1999. – Vol. 1(9), pp. 19-27.

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43. Gusev A. L., Kupriyanov V. I. – Appl. 8.07.91., No. 5018602/29, RF Patent No. 2027942. A method for maintaining a vacuum in the heat-insulating cavity of pipelines of the «pipe-in-pipe» type, publ. BI No. 3, 1995, MKI F16L59/04.

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