ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ЖИЗНЕННОГО ЦИКЛА ВОДОРОДА В КАЧЕСТВЕ РЕШЕНИЯ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ЭНЕРГОПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ НА ГИДРОЭЛЕКТРОСТАНЦИЯХ: НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ ИТАЛИИ

Пригодность водорода для решения вопроса регулирования энергопотребления на гидроэлектростанции в центральной части Италии оценивается с точки зрения жизненного цикла. Рассматривается производство водорода в непиковые часы посредством электролиза, а также потенциальное хранение водорода в гидридах металлов с последующим использованием водорода в пиковые часы для выработки электроэнергии с помощью технологии топливных элементов. Выработка гидроэлектроэнергии и выработка водорода определяются как подсистемы, в наибольшей степени соответствующие девяти оцененным категориям воздействия (например, глобальное потепление, абиотическое истощение и совокупная потребность в энергии). Получаемый возобновляемый водород демонстрирует более благоприятные экологические и энергетические характеристики в течение жизненного цикла, чем традиционный водород, образующийся при риформинге с водяным паром. Кроме того, при расширении системы с использованием водорода для выработки электроэнергии возобновляемый продукт электроэнергии показывает лучшие параметры жизненного цикла по сравнению с традиционным электричеством для итальянской электрической сети. В целом, с точки зрения жизненного цикла, водород является подходящим энергетическим решением на гидроэлектростанциях как в виде самого водорода (например, для транспортировки), так и в качестве исходного сырья для последующего производства электроэнергии в часы пик.

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