APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING IN BIOMEDICINE AND ECOLOGY

The review is devoted to the modern state of science in the field of light scattering techniques application in the biomedicine and ecology. The theoretical basis of dynamic and static light scattering and the results of modern works of their using for different aims are presented in the work. Since these methods are non-invasive and do not disturb the essential course of different processes, they are useful and irreplaceable for studying the biological samples. Application of the methods for studying of the hydrodynamic radii, molecular weights and distributions of light scattering on biomacromolecular particle sizes in biological liquids already led to the development of techniques of diagnostics of different socially-important deceases (cancer, cardiovascular deceases, and diabetes). The authors of diagnostics found that the ratio of the light intensity on the sizes of albumins and globulins, the mean hydrodynamic radius of protein aggregates and the second virial coefficient are the sensitive parameters to pathological processes development in the human body. The review also presents the results of the works devoted to the study of theinflu ence of the low doses of ions of heavy metals and radioactive radiation on different groups of the population by light scattering. The results showed, for example, that the people involved in the nuclear industry have metabolic disorders. Such works open the possibility of application of light scattering technique for sanogenetic control of the population health, which is relevant from the ecological point of view of environmentally unfriendly territories and industries. The study of the structure and properties of the polymeric and biological gels and effects of different factors on them (including nanoparticles) is the perspective field of light scattering application. The works and their results presented in the review show the broad application of light scattering technique for different biological and ecological aims.

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