Совместный пиролиз отходов сельского хозяйства и оценка применимости пиролиза в комплексной технологии получения биовозобновляемого водорода

Для производства биовозобновляемого водорода в работе исследовалась возможность применения пиролиза сельскохозяйственных отходов, а именно коровьего навоза и стеблей сорного растения Amaranthus retroflexus L. (AR), а также их смеси в соотношении 1:1, 2:1 и 4:1. Термогравиметрический анализ проводился при скорости нагрева 10°С/мин в интервале температур от 40°С до 1000°С. Показано, что для термического разложения сельскохозяйственных отходов в инертной среде характерны три основные стадии, наиболее значимая из которых находится в интервале температур от 145 до 410 С, при которой происходит максимальный выход летучих компонентов. Пиролиз проводили при температуре 550°С и скорости нагрева 10°С / мин. При пиролизе смеси сельскохозяйственных отходов материальный баланс имел в среднем следующий вид: 36,95 % пиролизной жидкости, 24,99 % газа и 38,06 % углистого остатка, а максимальная концентрация водорода в получаемом пиролизном газе составила 21,17% при соотношении коровьего навоза и AR 4:1. Такое соотношение позволило получить на 12,1 % водорода больше, чем при использовании смеси с соотношением 1:1. Увеличение доли AR обогащало пиролизную жидкость фенольными соединениями. Высокое содержание фиксированного углерода (в среднем 47,52%) в твердом углистом остатке привлекательно для его использования в качестве почвенных добавок. Для дальнейших исследований по увеличению выхода газообразного водорода из биомассы предложена схема биотермохимической переработки, предполагающей сочетание темновой ферментации и пиролиза.

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