Новая методика настройки релейной защиты энергосистем, содержащих возобновляемые источники энергии и водородные накопители энергии

Интеграция возобновляемых источников энергии (ВИЭ) в сочетании с накопителями энергии существенно изменяет процессы в электроэнергетических системах (ЭЭС). В частности, изменяется скорость изменения и глубина снижения режимных параметров при авариях. Подобные изменения могут спровоцировать некорректные действия релейной защиты (РЗ), принципы функционирования и настройки которых формировались без учёта отмеченного влияния ВИЭ и накопителей энергии. Для принятия превентивных мер необходимо детально исследовать процессы при всевозможных нормальных и анормальных режимах как в ЭЭС, так и в первичных измерительных преобразователях, и в самих устройствах РЗ. Такое осуществимо только при математическом моделировании с использованием максимально полных и достоверных моделей всех элементов ЭЭС, включая РЗ. Разработанный авторам симулятор энергосистем ВМК РВ ЭЭС позволяет реализовать такие модели без упрощений и ограничений для ЭЭС любой размерности. Наличие подобного инструмента в сочетании с разработанной ранее авторами детальных математических моделей одной РЗ позволило выполнить их глубокие исследования в ЭЭС с ВИЭ и в результате сформировать настройки, которые обеспечивают их адекватное функционирование в конкретных условиях применения. Фрагменты этих исследований представлены в статье. Такого рода данные можно использовать, в частности, при разработке новых методов и средств настройки РЗ.

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