Оптимизация двухстадийного термофильного анаэробного сбраживания сточных вод молочного производства: влияние материала носителя на производительность процесса и микробное сообщество

Хотя двухстадийное анаэробное сбраживание (ДАС) не является новым процессом, информация о стабильности процесса, микробном сообществе и эффективных условиях эксплуатации ограничена и часто противоречива. В данной работе изучено влияние различных материалов-носителей (пенополиуретан, углеродный войлок, кольца Рашига и комбинация углеродного войлока и колец Рашига) на эффективность термофильного ДАС сточных вод молочных производств. Скорость загрузки органических веществ (OLR) в ацидогенном реакторе (RH) постепенно повышали с 13,74 до 32,56 г ХПК/(л∙сут) и с 0,64 до 11,46 г ХПК/(л∙сут) в метаногенных реакторах путем соответствующего снижения время гидравлического удерживания (HRT). Самая высокая скорость производства водорода 1280,3 мл/(л·сут) и выход водорода 93,2 мл/г ХПК были достигнуты при OLR 13,74 г ХПК/ (л·сут), но производство водорода прекращалось при более высоком OLR. Основными растворимыми метаболитами в RH были бутират и лактат, а в микробном сообществе доминировали Streptococcus, Thermoanaerobac- terium, Veillonellales-Selenomonadales и Pseudomonas. Наибольшая скорость образования метана (2674 мл/(л·сут) при HRT 0,5 сут) наблюдалась в реакторе с пенополиуретаном, а самый высокий выход метана (305,5 мл/г ХПК при HRT 1,5 сут) был получен в реактор, содержащий углеродный войлок. Spirochaetaceae, Desulfomicrobium, Anaerolineaceae, Candidatus Caldatribacterium и Cloacimonadaceae W5 были связаны с этими материалами и объясняли самые высокие метаногенные свойства.

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