Energy system architecture incorporating the internet of energy solution

Energy systems based on traditional centralized architecture have reached the limit of their efficiency. They are not able to meet modern requirements of the global energy sector: changing qualitative characteristics of demand for electricity, variable nature of demand and supply of electricity, environmental requirements. A solution to the problem of low efficiency of centralized systems is the transition to the concept of distributed energy, in particular, to the emergence of the concept of the Internet of Energy. The Internet of Energy is a set of technologies and business models that ensure operational interaction between energy market participants in the context of decentralized intelligent control of the energy system. One of the features of the Internet of Energy concept is that, in addition to renewable energy sources, which play a key role in energy production, hydrogen can be used to store and transport energy. It can be used to store excess energy, and then distributed across networks for use during periods of greatest load on the system. The article provides an analysis of the Internet of Energy concept: structural elements of the Internet of Energy system, the main components of the architecture, the connections that exist between them and ensure the successful functioning of the system. Also considered are projects for the implementation of decentralized energy systems based on the architectural model of the Internet of Energy, created in Russia, the USA, and Singapore: problems of these projects and prospects for their development.

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