Prospects of using distributed, renewable and hydrogen energy to improve regional energy security

Achieving energy security of a federal state is impossible without achieving energy security of each of the constituent entities. Regional energy security has its own peculiarities related to the criteria of its achievement, which allow assessing the prospects of using renewable and hydrogen energy to achieve it. If the energy security of federation as a whole is aimed at protecting the economy and population of the country from threats to national security in the field of energy and fulfillment of export contracts and international obligations, regional energy security is aimed at protecting the fuel and energy complex of the region from threats that lead to termination or sharp reduction in the quality of supply to consumers and to disruption of technological processes. Most regions do not need to achieve absolute energy autonomy, it is enough to have generating capacities and accumulated energy that would allow to ensure operation of consumers of the first category of reliability and comfortable living standards of the population until the factor interrupting the connection with the main energy system of the country is eliminated. For regions whose climatic characteristics allow efficient use of power plants based on at least two different renewable energy sources and which have a sufficient number of small and medium-sized consumers remote from central transmission lines the transition to distributed generation based on renewable energy power plants supplemented by modern methods of energy storage using hydrogen energy, seems to be the most feasible way to achieve this goal.

A power grid designed in this way is more resilient to natural disasters, targeted negative anthropogenic impacts, requires fewer resources to maintain security, and has a lower risk of severe consequences if generating facilities or transmission lines fail.

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