Увеличение светонезависимой выработки биоводорода путем стимуляции активности гидрогеназ: критический обзор

Биоводород, как перспективное биотопливо, обладает рядом ключевых преимуществ, которые включают нулевые выбросы углерода, экологическую устойчивость и высокую энергоэффективность. [NiFe]- и [FeFe]гидрогеназы играют ключевую роль в светонезависимом производстве биоводорода из биомассы с использованием микроорганизмов. Несмотря на значительный прогресс, по-прежнему существует множество проблем, препятствующих крупномасштабному промышленному внедрению этой технологии. В данном обзоре мы представляем подробный анализ структурных особенностей, распространенности и каталитических механизмов основных микроорганизмов, используемых в биореакторах темной ферментации и биоэлектрохимических системах. Мы также рассматриваем передовые стратегии повышения активности ферментов, такие как методы генной инженерии и инновационные методы оценки производительности. Кроме того, мы исследуем базовые механизмы, ответственные за увеличение производства газообразного водорода, включая перенос электронов, рост биомассы и синтез ферредоксина. В заключении обзора выделяются перспективные направления исследований, в частности, интеграция искусственного интеллекта в высокоэффективные системы производства биоводорода, которая может значительно ускорить прогресс в этой области.

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