Анализ влияния водородных систем накопления энергии на устойчивость энергосистемы

В статье исследуется влияние интеграции систем хранения энергии на основе водорода на устойчивость энергосистемы. Показано, что ключевым элементом, определяющим это влияние, является система управления сетевым преобразователем водородного накопителя, в частности, алгоритм синхронизации с сетью (PLL). Проведен сравнительный анализ двух алгоритмов PLL: традиционного (SRF-PLL) и усовершенствованного с предфильтрацией (PMAF-PLL). Методология исследования включает разработку математических моделей, моделирование в MATLAB/Simulink и MATLAB/PSAT для оценки малой сигнальной и динамической устойчивости. Полученные результаты демонстрируют, что интеграция водородного накопителя повышает запас устойчивости энергосистемы при различных длинах линий электропередачи и уровнях передаваемой мощности. Алгоритм PMAF-PLL показал более высокое быстродействие и устойчивость к возмущениям. Также были проанализированы режимы работы водородного накопителя для сглаживания пиков нагрузки и ее перераспределения. Сделан вывод о стратегической значимости водородных систем хранения для повышения гибкости, надежности и технологического суверенитета энергетических систем в контексте энергоперехода.

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