Environmentally Sustainable Production of Pyrolysis Condensate from Plastic Waste with Integration into Hydrogen Fuel Systems

The article examines the production of pyrocondensate (pyrolysis oil) from plastic waste – including polyolefin bags, films, and other polymers rich in C–H hydrocarbon bonds – as a promising secondary feedstock for low-carbon hydrogen production in hydrogen energy systems. The technological chain is described: thermal pyrolysis of waste in an oxygen-free environment yielding liquid pyrocondensate, light pyrolysis gas, and solid residue; thereafter, the pyrocondensate undergoes catalytic steam reforming, the water-gas shift reaction, and multi-stage purification to recover pure hydrogen or syngas. This approach enables nearly complete chemical recycling of difficult-to-process plastic waste instead of landfilling or incineration, replaces fossil resources with a secondary carbon feedstock derived from waste, and substantially reduces net CO₂ emissions by closing the carbon cycle of plastics (with potential for CO₂ capture). It aligns with the principles of circular economy and decarbonization. The resulting hydrogen or syngas can be used in fuel cells, hydrogen-enriched internal combustion engines, methanol production, ammonia synthesis, and other products. The technology is positioned as a realistic transitional pathway toward large-scale low-carbon hydrogen production in regions with abundant plastic waste and limited «green» hydrogen potential.

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