The relevance of the study is due to the transition to environmentally friendly and resource-saving energy, increasing the efficiency of hydrocarbon production according to the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 07.07.2011 № 899 (ed. dated 16.12.2015) "On approval of priority areas of development of science, technology and engineering in the Russian Federation and the list of critical technologies of the Russian Federation".

In this regard, this article is aimed at revealing the possibilities of using solar energy for power supply of cathodic protection stations.

The main approach to the study of this problem is solar collectors.

Currently, a lot of attention is paid to the issue of using renewable energy sources. This is primarily due to the fact that they can become a solution to emerging problems that cause global climate change and depletion of fossil natural resources. The purpose of the work is to analyze the existing technical solutions of photovoltaic converters and their comparative evaluation for use in various systems. The field of research is various types of photovoltaic converters for generating electrical energy. To solve this problem, various materials of domestic and foreign scientific publications on the subject of solar energy were systematized. The main types of photovoltaic converters, the features of their operation are considered; the advantages and disadvantages of using their various systems are indicated.

In Uzbekistan, with the increase in investments in the construction of residential, administrative buildings and structures, much attention is paid to the use of energy-saving and energy-efficient technologies at the initial stage of planning the construction of buildings and structures.

Taking into account the fact that most of the buildings and structures under construction are designed for long- term operation, i.e. 80-100 years, the maximum requirement is given for saving the use and storage of energy, which significantly contributes to the conservation of non-renewable energy sources and greenhouse gas emissions, taking into account energy requirements to ensure maximum energy efficiency of the system.

Along with the projected growth in the construction of new facilities in the republic, a corresponding increase in energy consumption in the residential sector is expected by 30% by 2050, which is expected to create a threat to ensure national energy security and increase greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at the global level.

According to the measures implemented, both worldwide and in our country, today special attention is paid to the design and construction of energy-efficient and low-carbon residential buildings, buildings and complexes. The legislative and regulatory documents adopted in the republic, such as the "Strategy of transition to a green economy", the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the use of renewable energy sources", the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On approval of the strategy of modernization, accelerated and innovative development of the construction industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2021-2025" and others, contribute to the accelerated development of this industry in the country as a whole.

The generalization of the obtained research results of scientific communities proves the forecasts regarding global warming that has been happening recently around the world, which threatens climate chaos, and includes natural disasters, uninhabitable territories, a blow to biological diversity, an increase in the level of the world ocean, etc.

In order to prevent the negative effects of climate change, the world community is taking measures to prevent climate change. The Government of Uzbekistan also pursues the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and has ratified the Paris Agreement, which defines the world action plan to curb global warming, than expressed "its readiness to contribute to eliminating the effects of climate change, which has no borders." Also, the government has recently been paying special attention to the renewable energy sector in the country, which in turn serves as an impetus for the development of projects of national scenarios and development models, as well as improving infrastructure in the country with ensuring energy independence in the near future.

The article presents possible ways to increase energy efficiency in the construction of new and reconstruction of old residential, social and household facilities with the use of energy-active translucent fences, i.e. window blocks in the planning and design of passive residential, social and household facilities, taking into account the thermal characteristics of the considered window blocks, as well as design solutions and design for their installation in the buildings in question.

Wind farms are expensive and technically complex equipment. Maintaining it in working condition is an important task not only from an economic point of view, but also from a practical point of view. Even minor breakdowns and damages should be eliminated quickly.

Wind farms are constantly being upgraded and improved. They are produced under specific operating conditions. However, this cannot fully exclude emergency situations. Therefore, engineering services involved in monitoring the operation of a wind farm should conduct inspections with some frequency.

Until recently, such inspections were carried out entirely by people, which was associated with various problems and risks. People put their lives in danger, money is spent on the departure of a team of engineers to perform a relatively simple inspection operation.

Recently, with the development of unmanned aerial vehicles, the practice of using them to inspect wind farms has appeared. This makes it easier and cheaper to inspect. It is enough for several engineers to control an unmanned aerial vehicle to conduct at least an external inspection of the wind farm.

This study can be useful in the development and design of computer vision systems aimed at operating during inspections of wind farms. The established classifications, types and frequencies of damage can significantly simplify their development by simplifying the list of recognized damage to the most common.

The introduction of wind power plants makes it possible to provide electricity to remote territories during the construction of agricultural and industrial enterprises, peripheral settlements. In addition, it is relevant to provide long highways with electricity, especially when using electric vehicles. The article suggests studies that allow to increase the efficiency of a vertical-axial wind power plant, using blades using the principle of differential drag. It is known that the aerodynamic characteristics of the blades are the basis of the efficiency of the wind turbines of the Finnish scientist S.J.Savonius. The analysis of the aerodynamic coefficients showed that the increase in the overall aerodynamic coefficient of the blade, located under the action of the airflow along the course of the blade, should be greater, and when moving on the counterflow to the airflow, it should be the smallest. Such a change in aerodynamic coefficients is possible only with the transformation of the blade – with a change in its size and shape of the blade. At the same time, it is necessary to observe that such changes occur automatically without human influence. To do this, a spring was used, which was twisted under the influence of wind, and in the absence of wind pressure, the spring was restored and returned the shape and size of the blade to its original position. Changing the shape and size of the blade under the influence of wind increases the aerodynamic coefficients of the blade and increases the efficiency of the wind turbine.

The provision of electricity to remote agro-industrial complexes (AIC), industrial enterprises and small settlements is associated with problems of fuel delivery or the installation of extended transmission lines, which requires additional financing. In the proposed article, wind power installations with a vertical axis of rotation of a wind turbine with blades using the principle of differential drag are proposed, which will be able to solve the situation. To ensure the efficient operation of these wind turbines, it is proposed to increase the air flow velocity in the volume of the wind turbine and prevent the wind turbine from flowing around the air flow. To do this, a technique is proposed to determine the optimal size of the blades and their number for a more complete use of the energy of the airflow. The analysis of the operation of the wind turbine shows that in order to increase the efficiency of its operation in the conditions of the wind regime of Russia (from 3 to 5 m/s), it is necessary to increase the speed of the air flow in the volume of the wind turbine, to ensure the passage of the air flow through its volume preventing its flow, to improve the aerodynamic coefficients of the blades. It should be taken into account, increasing the speed of the air flow in the volume of the wind turbine, it is necessary to determine the number and size of the blades, taking into account their location, otherwise the wind turbine will flow around.

It is relevant today to search for approaches to involving large-tonnage and “problematic” waste, unbalanced in nitrogen and carbon content, in anaerobic processing and obtaining useful and environmentally compatible products.

The assessment of anaerobic biotransformation in thermophilic mode (55 0C) of agricultural waste was carried out. It has been established that organic wastes (distillery stillage, cow dung and chicken manure) have a great potential for producing biogas with a high content of methane and carbon dioxide with a low content of impurities. Methane included in biogas can be recommended as a raw material for production of hydrogen - environmentally safe and efficient fuel. With the ratio of components in the composition of the mixed substrate of bard: manure: litter - 6: 3: 1 for 21-29 days of anaerobic digestion, the best indicators of the efficiency of methanogenesis for methane (61- 63%) and biogas (70-73%) were provided, the share of methane in composition of biogas was 61%. With the biotransformation of pure stillage, the nitrogen mineralization efficiency (58-67%) was lower than when using a mixture of organic waste (63-69%). From the point of view of obtaining the maximum amount of biogas, it is advisable to add a carbonate buffer or limestone flour (9% wt.) to the substrate to shift the pH values of the working solution towards slightly alkaline values. However, for accumulation of free phosphates in the final solution, the use of a carbonate buffer is more preferable. The anaerobically treated solid sludge remaining after biogas production, as well as liquid effluents (anaerobically treated effluents) can be considered as potential organic and biogenic fertilizers or their components.

The article analyzes the prospects for using a combined unit of a hybrid solar photo-hydroelectric energy device. The structural structure and output parameters of a counter-rotor hydraulic unit, which is part of a hybrid energy device, have been studied. By means of mathematical modeling, the relationship between the geometric shape of the nozzle and the efficiency of the reactive and active impeller of a counter-rotor hydraulic unit was revealed. The relationships between dynamic parameters and structural elements for reactive and active impellers were obtained in the form of graphs and analytical expressions.

Usually nobody guesses that the clouds over our heads are the second after the Sun global source of clean renewable energy (50 times more than all human needs) and the first - fresh water (11 times more than the flow of all rivers). The article calls attention to the technology of AirHES, which will allow hundreds of times to increase the resource of hydropower in order to solve the main problems of mankind: energy, water, ecology, climate.

Information on the statistics of patenting in the hydrogen energy sector is given in the article. It is demonstrated that a patent is primarily a profit-making tool, and patent research is a mechanism for building long-term forecasts in the technological niche. The article discusses the main mistakes of Russian patent holders in protecting their research and suggests ways to prevent them. Comparative examples of claim drafting are offered. The issues of comprehensive patent protection are considered.

The material presented in the article will be most useful for developers and manufacturers of innovative domestic products and technologies; re-engineering centers; development institutes providing support measures for hydrogen energy projects; development institutes implementing the policy of import substitution of hydrogen energy products; investors, organizers of innovation activities; design offices; high-tech startups.

The work is devoted to the development of a thermal scheme for the conversion of a cogeneration power plant to threegeneration with the production of hydrogen as a new product.

The purpose of the work is to assess the possibility and potential of hydrogen production from MSW at the existing thermal power plants of St. Petersburg.

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to develop a methodology for selecting the site of an existing thermal power plant in order to integrate a hydrogen production complex by the MSW gasification method, as well as a methodology for estimating the amount of hydrogen that can potentially be obtained from a given amount of MSW. The research methods include simulation of the thermal circuit of a steam power plant in the United Cycle program.

The paper proposes an algorithm for selecting the site of an operating thermal power plant for the integration of a complex for the production of hydrogen by the method of MSW gasification. The algorithm can be applied to any subjects of the Russian Federation, and its relevance is confirmed by strategic documents. Potential locations for the new CHP are being considered in the territories of CHP-21 and CHP-22, which have the necessary resources and good infrastructure. Because of the study, the site of CHP-22 was selected as the most suitable for the placement of new facilities.

A new thermal scheme of a threegeneration power plant has been developed, including a hydrogen generation unit by the MSW gasification method. This allows the production of hydrogen in parallel with the production of electricity and heat. The efficiency evaluation criterion is the fuel and heat utilization coefficient (FHUC). Regardless of the hydrogen content in the generated synthesis gas, the integration of the synthesis gas cooler into the thermal circuit of the CHP leads to an increase in the FHUC and an additional energy effect. This scheme increases the efficiency of existing CHP plants, regardless of the morphological composition of municipal solid waste.

Adopting experience and best practices for stimulating the development of RES in individual regions that most successfully implement RES-based installations into their energy balance is a necessary element in the development of the energy sector of disadvantaged regions, while a methodology is needed to determine what factors influenced the success of implementation and what criteria should be used to compare and to determine the success of the implementation of RES in the region, however, a generally accepted methodology has not been formed to date. It was proposed to determine the leading regions and disadvantaged regions from the point of view of success in introducing renewable energy sources into the regional energy system based on the success of fulfilling the regional demand. To assess the success of the use and implementation of installations based on renewable energy in the regional energy system, it is necessary to identify parameters that reflect the potential of renewable energy sources, the initial state of energy supply in the region, the costs of construction of the installation, the profit received from the sale of generated energy, and the current state of the regional energy system. Based on the developed technique, the six most energyintensive regions included in the operating area of the Southern Branch of United Dispatch Control Center of Russian Power System Operator which have renewable energy power plants were analyzed. The chosen indicator was the share of energy resources generated from renewable energy sources in the total amount of energy resources. Based on the results of the analysis, recommendations were drawn for disadvantaged regions.

The ongoing research provides for the development of general technical solutions for the creation of a methanehydrogen water-heating boiler unit. The advantages of this source of thermal energy over similar units is the reduction in specific carbon dioxide emissions per unit of thermal energy produced, which is relevant for the decarbonization of the Russian heat and power industry. As part of the work, a mathematical model was created for the mixed thermal calculation of a hot water boiler unit (calibration for the furnace and constructive for the convective part) in the Python programming language. The calculation in the model is carried out based on the normative method. Implemented the ability to calculate the conversion of the most popular standard sizes of hot water boilers to another gas composition: KVGM-10, KVGM-20, KVGM-30, KVGM-50, KVGM-100, KVGM-180, PTVM-30, PTVM-50, PTVM-100 and PTVM-180. The result of the calculation of the reconstruction of the convective part is the required area of the heat-receiving surface, which makes it possible to estimate the volume of reconstruction. The paper analyzes the volume of reconstruction of burners RGMG-10, RGMG-20 and RGMG-30 when switching to a methane-hydrogen mixture.

It is shown that one of the topical and difficult moments, both in technological and environmental terms, in oil and gas condensate fields, especially in the northern territories, is the fight against hydrate formation. Gas hydrates occur under thermobaric conditions and are the main cause of serious disturbances in the wellbore and pipelines, which reduces the efficiency of energy production. It was revealed that in order to intensify oil and gas production, an inhibitor, toxic methanol, is traditionally used. The mechanism of inhibition of hydrate formation by methanol was studied, and the negative environmental consequences were analyzed. A search was made and a critical analysis was made of modern reagents, as an alternative to methanol, to suppress gas hydrate plugs. A comparative calculation of economic indicators for three variants of inhibitors was carried out: thermal - methanol and monoethylene glycol (MEG), kinetic - SONGID1801-A. t has been shown that a great advantage of kinetic inhibitors is their low dosage, which is a multiple lower than methanol dosages, and environmental safety. Their use will significantly increase the productivity of the well and reduce the environmental risks of the northern territories in the oil and gas production zone.