Probability density function p*(V_∞) as a characteristic of wind speed variation in time, becomes infinitely large at the points that are extrema of function V_∞(t). Therefore, wind energy integrals containing the function p*(V_∞) are improper integrals. Random number and random distribution of singular points make calculation of these integrals by the selection of features method impossible. It is shown that the algorithm of mathematical statistics can achieve the exact values of the wind-energy integrals without revealing features theoretical probability density function.

The influence of random error in discrete values of wind speed on the accuracy of wind energy integrals

In the article the concept of representativeness of discrete points about the continuous function is given. It is noted that the measurements of wind speed at the weather stations represent the unrepresentative discrete data about V_∞(t) function. Properties analysis of the unrepresentative discrete values of the function V_∞(t) has been carried out assuming that this function could be represented by Fourier series. In such a case the problem reduces to the investigation results of the Fourier series representation by a set of discrete values. The impact of a discrete data on the accuracy of wind energy integrals computation was analyzed. Error in determining the energy of the air stream due to unrepresentativeness of discrete data is much larger than the error of the mean wind speed determining.

The wind speed measurements at the weather stations are the unrepresentative discrete data about V_∞(t) function. So the contribution of the wind speed high-frequency component in the air stream energy at the traditional methods of data processing proves to be not considered. The paper highlights the high-frequency turbulent component of wind speed and the evaluation of its energy. The influence of the frequency and amplitude of the wind speed turbulent component on the air stream energy are considered. The modern methods of wind monitoring at the places of mounting the wind-driven electric plants are analyzed in terms of representative discrete data about V_∞(t) function. Methodical error of the air stream energy evaluation is determined.

This paper considers the possibility of using GIS technology for resource assessment and allocation of territories with the greatest potential of renewable energy sources. The results of the using methods of cartography and geoinformatics for visualization and analysis of energy and infrastructure characteristics (atlases, databases, interactive maps, geographic information systems, created abroad and in Russia) were considered. The productivity of these methods is shown; informational basis of GIS products is considered. Currently, along with resource estimates there was given more complex task of zoning areas that take into account the factors promote, restrict or completely prevent construction of facilities for renewable energy. Such factors include as a physical and geographical conditions, and possible adverse effects of environmental , economic and social nature .

The article presents data about development of solar heating of the five regions and Russia as a whole according to 01.01.2014 with the number of solar power plants, destination and the main characteristics of the most powerful of them. Structures are composed of solar power plants in the Russian methodology and classification of the World Program of solar heating and cooling systems (SHS).

This article presents data about the global experience in the manufacture and application of the cheapest solar collector (SC) - plastic collectors. Presented technical characteristics of plastic SC of ten leading manufacturers, as well as examples of projects with hotels solar power plants with plastic SC of 29 specialized firms.

Eco energy efficiency processes research is a complex and multidimensional problem, which is not possible to solve by traditional methods. Functioning open systems dynamics can be studied using mathematical modeling methods. The article presents a generalized mathematical model of ecological, economic and energy impact on the environment. An analytical confirmation of the possibility of introduction of clean development mechanism in the Central Asian region is given, priorities of the energy potential to mitigate climate change are scientifically proved. The tasks of scientific research on use of renewed energy sources are posed and the recommendation about the basic directions eco energy efficiency for softening of anthropogenic loadings on changes of a climate in region is represented.

Methods of search for new non-traditional sources of non-food renewable raw materials for biofuel third generation based on biomass of microalgae are the topic of this article. The results of testing of a screening lipid-containing microalgae / cyanobacteria based on staining with the fluorescent dye Nile red are presented. The effect of high and low light intensity, suboptimal temperatures and nitrogen and phosphorus starvation in the nutrient media on lipid content in the cells of selected clonal cultures A. platensis1/02-P and 1/02-T has been studied. It is shown, that the studied culture under the influence of stressors can accumulate in the cells of neutral lipids to commercially significant quantities. Since artrospira massively cultivated cheap open way without contamination of other species, characterized by its ease of harvest, it can be regarded as a promising source of raw material for the production of biofuel third and fourth generations , as well as in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, biologically active food and feed additives.

Article is devoted to the calculation and analysis of the crop residues (grate crops) energy potential. Calculations were carried out on the base of Federal State Statistics Service data (2006-2013). Estimates were made for individual crops of each subject of the Russian Federation. The analysis of adopted methodology for calculating the organic waste gross, technical and economic energy potential was carried out. The need to consider the structure of agricultural production areas in the calculation of tailings yields technical and economic potentials was shown. The quantitative assessment and cartographic representation allow to allocate the leading regions in the potential, which together with socio-economic and environmental characteristics of areas form the basis for making design decisions.

The paper presents historical materials on edge cutting tools design, based on cubic boron nitride, and describes modern state of local cutting superhard materials production. Parameters of hexagonal boron nitride conversion into cubic form are considered, and it is shown that gas-phase transport reactions with hydrogen play the main role. The author note likeness between processes of graphite gas-phase synthesis and hexagonal boron nitride, and also obtaining diamond and cubic boron nitride; though diamond synthesis has been performed both from methane and indirectly from graphite. It is shown that there is a similar scheme for the cubic boron nitride. In spite of the fact that today we have only indirect process of cubic structure synthesis from hexagonal modification in a high-pressure device, it does mot mean that it is impossible to obtain diamond-like boron nitride directly from gaseous compositions of boron and nitrogen. The paper presents positive investigation results on the cubic boron nitride synthesis in conditions excluding any pressure on initial burden of hexagonal boron nitride and catalyst metal. Estimated conditions of gas-phase synthesis of the cubic boron nitride from boron and nitrogen compound at normal pressure are proposed and description of the device for the process realization is presented. Conditions of microwave heating that are similar to ones for diamond synthesis from methane should be created to obtain gas-phase synthesis of the cubic boron nitride without high pressures; i.e. it is necessary to increase supplied specific power and find experimentally optimum concentration of initial gaseous substances, containing boron and nitrogen, to obtain the cubic boron nitride.