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Alternative Energy and Ecology (ISJAEE)

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No 10 (2014)

Wind Energy

56-60 366
Abstract
According to thermodynamic law of impacts and consequences thereof subsonic wind flow passing through wind wheel section speeds up and becomes increasingly turbulent flow along the length of currents. It is shown that the existing theory of ideal wind engine, based on the assumption that technical work is done by wind power installation at the expense of the decrease of kinetic energy of wind flow, does not correspond to reality. The example of calculation of output speed of V112-3,3MWTM/ECIB wind power generator of “Vestas” company is presented in the article.
61-65 367
Abstract
Feasibility study of the use of electrical machine double rotation, Dronova JV, Endovitskaya PJ, Tolkatsky RA, NSTU. The paper describes the results of feasibility study and profitability of the use of electrical machine double rotation created in the department of automated power systems Faculty of Power Engineering NSTU compared to the other machines with different ways of frequency regulation.

HYDROGEN ECONOMY

8-26 716
Abstract
A device, operating principle and fields of application of hydrogen electrochemical systems on the basis of solid polymer electrolyte are considered in this review. Separate sections of the review are devoted to water electrolyzers, fuel cells, bifunctional systems, concentrators/compressors of hydrogen and generators of ozone, OH- radicals and heavy water.
27-55 324
Abstract
The present analytical study is devoted to the current problem of the thermodynamic stability, and related thermodynamic characteristics of the following graphene layers systems: 1) double-side hydrogenated graphene of composition CH (theoretical graphane) and experimental graphane; 2) theoretical single-side hydrogenated graphene of composition CH; 3) theoretical singleside hydrogenated graphene of composition C2H (graphone); 4) experimental hydrogenated epitaxial graphene, bilayer graphene and a few layer graphene on SiO2 or other substrates; 5) experimental and theoretical single-external side hydrogenated singlewalled carbon nanotubes, and experimental hydrofullerene C60H36; 6) experimental single-internal side hydrogenated (up to C2H or CH composition) graphene nanoblisters with intercalated high pressure H2 gas inside them, formed on a surface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite or epitaxial graphene under the atomic hydrogen treatment; and 7) experimental hydrogenated graphite nanofibers - multigraphene with intercalated solid H2 nanoregions of high density inside them, relevant to solving the current problem of the hydrogen storage in fuel-cell-powered ecological vehicles and other clean energy applications.

INFORMATION

ЮВЕНИЛЬНЫЙ ВОДОРОД В ПРОЦЕССАХ ГЕОТЕКТОНИКИ И ГЕОХИМИИ

66-76 570
Abstract
The paper presents historical materials on edge cutting tools design, based on cubic boron nitride, and describes modern state of local cutting superhard materials production. Parameters of hexagonal boron nitride conversion into cubic form are considered, and it is shown that gas-phase transport reactions with hydrogen play the main role. The author note likeness between processes of graphite gas-phase synthesis and hexagonal boron nitride, and also obtaining diamond and cubic boron nitride; though diamond synthesis has been performed both from methane and indirectly from graphite. It is shown that there is a similar scheme for the cubic boron nitride. In spite of the fact that today we have only indirect process of cubic structure synthesis from hexagonal modification in a high-pressure device, it does mot mean that it is impossible to obtain diamond-like boron nitride directly from gaseous compositions of boron and nitrogen. The paper presents positive investigation results on the cubic boron nitride synthesis in conditions excluding any pressure on initial burden of hexagonal boron nitride and catalyst metal. Estimated conditions of gas-phase synthesis of the cubic boron nitride from boron and nitrogen compound at normal pressure are proposed and description of the device for the process realization is presented. Conditions of microwave heating that are similar to ones for diamond synthesis from methane should be created to obtain gas-phase synthesis of the cubic boron nitride without high pressures; i.e. it is necessary to increase supplied specific power and find experimentally optimum concentration of initial gaseous substances, containing boron and nitrogen, to obtain the cubic boron nitride.
77-88 309
Abstract
The paper presents historical materials on edge cutting tools design, based on cubic boron nitride, and describes modern state of local cutting superhard materials production. Parameters of hexagonal boron nitride conversion into cubic form are considered, and it is shown that gas-phase transport reactions with hydrogen play the main role. The author note likeness between processes of graphite gas-phase synthesis and hexagonal boron nitride, and also obtaining diamond and cubic boron nitride; though diamond synthesis has been performed both from methane and indirectly from graphite. It is shown that there is a similar scheme for the cubic boron nitride. In spite of the fact that today we have only indirect process of cubic structure synthesis from hexagonal modification in a high-pressure device, it does mot mean that it is impossible to obtain diamond-like boron nitride directly from gaseous compositions of boron and nitrogen. The paper presents positive investigation results on the cubic boron nitride synthesis in conditions excluding any pressure on initial burden of hexagonal boron nitride and catalyst metal. Estimated conditions of gasphase synthesis of the cubic boron nitride from boron and nitrogen compound at normal pressure are proposed and description of the device for the process realization is presented. Conditions of microwave heating that are similar to ones for diamond synthesis from methane should be created to obtain gas-phase synthesis of the cubic boron nitride without high pressures; i.e. it is necessary to increase supplied specific power and find experimentally optimum concentration of initial gaseous substances, containing boron and nitrogen, to obtain the cubic boron nitride.


ISSN 1608-8298 (Print)